PHYSICAL GROWTH AND THE AEROBIC DEMAND OF LOCOMOTION

身体生长和运动的有氧需求

• 批准号: 2203097
• 负责人: DON W MORGAN
• 金额: $ 7.97万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NORTH CAROLINA GREENSBORO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1994-09-12 至 1999-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2203097
• 关键词: body physical activity; body physical characteristic; body weight; child physical development; chordate locomotion; gait; human subject; oxygen consumption

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): The Specific Aim of the proposed research is to better understand the relationship between physical growth and the mass-related gross aerobic demand (VO2) of locomotion in pre-pubescent children. The investigators plan to employ a longitudinal design, featuring yearly data collection on 30 to 44 children over a 5-year period (beginning at age 6 and ending at age 10). Each yearly data collection effort will consist of six testing sessions. In Sessions 1 and 2, subjects will accommodate to level treadmill walking and running at 1.56 m.s-1 and 2.23 m.s-1, respectively. In Session 3, body surface area to body mass ratio, resting VO2 exercise ventilatory equivalent, and the metabolic cost of level treadmill walking and running will be measured.Gait descriptors linked to economical locomotion will also be quantified during treadmill and overground walking and running trials. In Session 4, the VO2 of level treadmill walking will be measured at the freely-chosen step length (FCSL) and at shorter and longer SLs relative to the FCSL, while the last two sessions will feature assessment of segmental inertial characteristics (Session 5) and skeletal age (Session 6). Data gathered each year will be analyzed using correlational and multiple regression procedures to test the following hypotheses: as young children grow physically, the mass-related decrease in gross aerobic demand required to walk or run a given distance is associated with a) a reduction in exercise ventilatory equivalent (Hypothesis #1); b) a reduction in body surface area to body mass ratio (Hypothesis #2); c) a smaller moment of inertia of the leg about a transverse axis through the hip joint during the swing phase and smaller proportion of total body mass concentrated in the legs (Hypothesis #3); and/or d) an increase in ground-contact time and step length and a decrease in step frequency and average relative vertical ground reaction force (Hypothesis #4). It is suggested that analysis of SL/cadence settings and attendant VO2 responses for each age group will also allow the applicants to determine whether children select step length/cadence patterns that minimize the mass-related gross aerobic demand of walking (Hypothesis #5). The use of a multivariate approach to examine maturity-related processes underlying improved economy of movement in young children should yield fundamental knowledge regarding the association between physical growth and the aerobic demand of basic gait patterns. Access to benchmark longitudinal data derived from the proposed investigation may also aid in establishing realistic goals for locomotor energy demands in young children with metabolic (e.g. obesity), structural (e.g. lower extremity amputees), or gait disorders (e.g., cerebral palsy) typified by a high aerobic demand of locomotion and potentially provide an informed basis for the evaluation, treatment, and rehabilitation of these cohorts that accounts for the influence of physical growth.

描述（改编自申请人的摘要）：具体目标 拟议研究的目的是为了更好地理解这种关系 身体生长和与质量相关的总有氧需求 (VO2) 之间的关系 青春期前儿童的运动能力。 调查人员计划 采用纵向设计，每年收集 30 至 44 名儿童历时 5 年（从 6 岁开始，到 20 岁结束） 10）。 每年的数据收集工作将包括六项测试 会议。 在第 1 节和第 2 节中，科目将适应水平 跑步机以 1.56 m.s-1 和 2.23 m.s-1 的速度行走和跑步， 分别。 在第 3 节中，身体表面积与体重之比， 静息 VO2 运动通气当量，以及代谢成本 将测量水平跑步机的步行和跑步。步态描述符 与经济运动相关的运动也将在跑步机上进行量化 以及地上步行和跑步试验。 在第 4 节中，VO2 水平跑步机行走将以自由选择的步数进行测量 长度（FCSL）以及相对于 FCSL 更短和更长的 SL，而 最后两场会议将以分段惯性评估为特色 特征（第 5 节）和骨龄（第 6 节）。 收集的数据 每年将使用相关和多元回归进行分析 检验以下假设的程序：随着幼儿的成长 身体上，所需的总有氧需求与质量相关的减少 步行或跑步一定距离与以下因素相关：a) 运动通气当量（假设#1）； b) 身体缩小 表面积与体重之比（假设#2）； c) 较小的力矩 腿部绕穿过髋关节的横轴的惯性 摆动阶段和较小的总体质量比例集中 在腿部（假设#3）；和/或 d) 增加地面接触 时间和步长以及步频和平均值的减少 相对垂直地面反作用力（假设#4）。 这是 建议分析 SL/节奏设置和伴随的 VO2 每个年龄段的回答也将使申请人能够确定 孩子们是否选择步长/步频模式来最大限度地减少 与质量相关的步行总有氧需求（假设#5）。 用途 检验成熟度相关流程的多元方法 幼儿运动经济性的根本改善应该会产生效果 关于身体生长之间关系的基础知识 以及基本步态模式的有氧需求。 访问基准测试 从拟议的调查中得出的纵向数据也可能有助于 为年轻人的运动能量需求制定切合实际的目标 患有代谢性（例如肥胖）、结构性（例如下肢）的儿童 截肢者）或以高位为代表的步态障碍（例如脑瘫） 运动的有氧需求并可能提供知情基础 对这些人群进行评估、治疗和康复 考虑了身体生长的影响。