Do Hair Cortisol and Hair Oxytocin represent the Stressful and Supportive Experiences of Preschool Children?

头发皮质醇和头发催产素是否代表学龄前儿童的压力和支持经历？

基本信息

批准号：
10172964
负责人：
KANWALJEET S ANAND
金额：
$ 60.43万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-08-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10172964
关键词：
Academy Acute Address Adolescent and Young Adult Adult African American Age American Anxiety Area Asians Behavior Binding Biological Biological Assay Biological Markers Buffers California Cardiovascular system Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Child Child Abuse Child Abuse and Neglect Child Behavior Child Development Child Rearing Childhood Injury Chronic Chronic stress Clinical Data Conflict (Psychology)County Critical Illness Data Detection Development Disease Diurnal Rhythm Domestic Violence Drug abuse Ecology Emotional Environment Environmental Risk Factor Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Epidemiology Equipment Ethnic Origin Exposure to Female Growth Hair Half-Life Health Human Hydrocortisone Immune system Individual Institute of Medicine (U.S.)Knowledge Lead Life Life Cycle Stages Link Lipids Longevity Love Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Metabolic Methodology Methods National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Normal Range Outcome Oxytocin Oxytocin Receptor Parents Pediatrics Physiological Preschool Child Prevalence Primary Prevention Process Proteins Psychologist Psychopathology Public Health Race Recurrence Reference Values Regulation Reporting Reproducibility Research Research Personnel Research Priority Risk Risk Behaviors Saliva Salivary Sampling Sensitivity and Specificity Serum Sexual abuse Sleep Social support Stress Substance abuse problem Suicide System Techniques Time Trauma Variant Violence Water Youth acute stress adverse childhood events allostatic load base biological adaptation to stress dating violence drinking early childhood early experience early life stress experience hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis improved improved outcome indexing liquid chromatography mass spectrometry male migration multidisciplinary novel nutrition pediatric trauma physical conditioning population based pre-clinical psychological trauma recruit resilience response saliva sample school shooting sex sexual trauma social socioeconomics sociologist stressor suicide rate systematic review tandem mass spectrometry trauma exposure traumatic stress

项目摘要

Early life stress (ELS) can disrupt the development of nervous, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems, leading to poor physical and mental health throughout the lifespan. The rising prevalence of ELS in preschool children is a major public health concern, epidemiologically linked with higher rates of youth suicides, dating violence, drinking, and drug abuse. Individuals respond to acute stress by releasing cortisol; thus, hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) can quantify the exposures to recurrent or chronic stress in children. Our pilot data on HCC revealed various factors that are associated with chronic stress in preschool children. We propose hair oxytocin concentrations (HOC) as a summative measure of supportive and/or socially affiliative experiences. Specific aims of the proposed study are: (1) to validate novel assays for measuring HCC and HOC in 1200 preschool children and their parents, in order to quantify their cumulative exposures to stressful vs. supportive early experiences; and (2) to measure hair growth rates, thereby delineating the time periods related to such exposures and their hair composition (protein, lipid, water content) to interpret and/or adjust the HCC and HOC values obtained from the preschool children and their parents. We will collect hair samples from children ages 1-5 years (n=1200) and at least one accompanying parent (n=1200). From parents we will obtain their child's demographic, developmental, health and environmental data. Hair samples will be processed using our novel extraction methods and analyzed using specific enzyme- linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for HCC and HOC; these assays will be validated using tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS-MS). We will measure hair growth rates using the standard phototrichogram technique and hair composition using direct spectrophotometric detection. These data will establish the reference norms for HCC and HOC in preschool children and their hair growth rates will identify the time periods that these HCC or HOC values represent. We will examine the natural variations in HCC, HOC, and hair growth rates in relation to age, sex, race, ethnicity, parental, socioeconomic, or other environmental factors. HCC and HOC values obtained from the same hair sample will also allow us to examine oxytocin-mediated regulation of the cortisol responses to ELS. We have a multidisciplinary team (clinician, psychologist, sociologist, biochemists, statistician), the equipment, the experience, and pilot data to successfully complete the proposed project. Completion of this research will provide age-specific reference norms for HCC, HOC, and hair growth rates in healthy preschool children. This project will address fundamental gaps in our current knowledge and establish a scientific framework to investigate long-term physical and mental health consequences of early childhood stress, following physical or psychological trauma, traumatic/toxic stress, violence-related injury, child maltreatment, and acute or critical illnesses – identified as a high-priority research area by NICHD.

早期生活压力 (ELS) 会扰乱神经、心血管、代谢和免疫系统的发育系统，导致整个生命周期的身心健康状况不佳。ELS 患病率不断上升。学龄前儿童是一个主要的公共卫生问题，从流行病学角度来看，学龄前儿童的发病率较高自杀、约会暴力、酗酒和吸毒。个人通过释放皮质醇来应对急性压力；因此，头发皮质醇浓度（HCC）可以量化儿童反复或慢性压力的暴露程度。我们关于 HCC 的试点数据揭示了与学龄前儿童慢性压力相关的各种因素。我们建议将头发催产素浓度（HOC）作为支持性和/或社交性的总结性衡量标准拟议研究的具体目标是：（1）验证新的测量方法。 1200 名学龄前儿童及其父母的 HCC 和 HOC，以便量化他们的累积暴露量压力与支持性的早期经历；(2) 测量头发生长速度，从而确定时间与此类暴露及其头发成分（蛋白质、脂质、水含量）相关的时期来解释和/或调整从学龄前儿童及其家长获得的 HCC 和 HOC 值。我们将从 1-5 岁儿童 (n=1200) 和至少一名陪同家长那里收集头发样本 (n=1200) 我们将从父母那里获得他们孩子的人口统计、发育、健康和环境信息。头发样本将使用我们的新颖提取方法进行处理，并使用特定的酶进行分析。 HCC 和 HOC 的连锁免疫吸附测定 (ELISA) 将使用串联质谱进行验证；我们将使用标准光敏图技术测量毛发生长率。和头发成分使用直接分光光度检测这些数据将建立参考标准。学龄前儿童的 HCC 和 HOC 及其毛发生长率将确定这些 HCC 发生的时间段或HOC值代表。我们将检查 HCC、HOC 和毛发生长率与年龄、性别、种族、从种族、父母、社会经济或其他环境因素中获得的 HCC 和 HOC 值。相同的头发样本还可以让我们检查催产素介导的皮质醇对 ELS 反应的调节。我们拥有多学科团队（临床医生、心理学家、社会学家、生物化学家、统计学家）、设备、成功完成拟议项目的经验和试点数据将完成本研究。提供健康学龄前儿童的 HCC、HOC 和毛发生长率的特定年龄参考标准。项目将解决我们当前知识的根本差距，并建立一个科学框架调查幼儿期压力、身体或心理健康之后的长期身心健康后果心理创伤、创伤/毒性应激、暴力相关伤害、虐待儿童以及急性或危重受害者——被 NICHD 确定为高度优先的研究领域。