Do Hair Cortisol and Hair Oxytocin represent the Stressful and Supportive Experiences of Preschool Children?

头发皮质醇和头发催产素是否代表学龄前儿童的压力和支持经历？

基本信息

批准号：
10430294
负责人：
KANWALJEET S ANAND
金额：
$ 26.45万
依托单位：
STANFORD UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10430294
关键词：
Academy Acute Address Adolescent Adult African American Age American Anxiety Area Asians Behavior Binding Biological Biological Assay Biological Markers Buffers COVID-19 pandemic California Cardiovascular system Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Child Child Abuse Child Abuse and Neglect Child Development Child Rearing Childhood Injury Chronic Chronic stress Clinical Conflict (Psychology)County Coupled Critical Illness Data Detection Development Disease Diurnal Rhythm Drug abuse Ecology Emotional Enrollment Environment Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Epidemiology Equipment Ethnic Origin Exposure to Growth Hair Half-Life Health Human Hydrocortisone Immune system Individual Institute of Medicine (U.S.)Knowledge Lead Life Life Cycle Stages Link Lipids Liquid Chromatography Longevity Love Measures Mediating Mental Depression Mental Health Mental disorders Metabolic Methodology Methods National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Normal Range Nursery Schools Outcome Oxytocin Oxytocin Receptor Parents Pediatrics Performance Physiological Preschool Child Prevalence Primary Prevention Process Proteins Protocols documentation Psyche structure Public Health Race Recurrence Reference Values Regulation Reporting Reproducibility Research Research Personnel Research Priority Risk Risk Behaviors Salivary Sampling Schools Sensitivity and Specificity Serum Sexual abuse Site Sleep Social support Stress Substance abuse problem Suicide System Time Trauma Variant Violence Water Youth acute stress adverse childhood events base biological adaptation to stress dating violence drinking early childhood early experience early life stress experience hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis improved improved outcome indexing male multidisciplinary novel nutrition pandemic disease pediatric trauma physical conditioning population based psychological trauma recruit resilience response saliva sample sex social socioeconomics stressor suicide rate systematic review tandem mass spectrometry trauma exposure traumatic stress

项目摘要

Early life stress (ELS) can disrupt the development of nervous, cardiovascular, metabolic, and immune systems, leading to poor physical and mental health throughout the lifespan. The rising prevalence of ELS in preschool children is a major public health concern, epidemiologically linked with higher rates of youth suicides, dating violence, drinking, and drug abuse. Individuals respond to acute stress by releasing cortisol; thus, hair cortisol concentrations (HCC) can quantify the exposures to recurrent or chronic stress in children. Our pilot data on HCC revealed various factors that are associated with chronic stress in preschool children. We propose hair oxytocin concentrations (HOC) as a summative measure of supportive and/or socially affiliative experiences. Specific aims of the proposed study are: (1) to validate novel assays for measuring HCC and HOC in 1200 preschool children and their parents, in order to quantify their cumulative exposures to stressful vs. supportive early experiences; and (2) to measure hair composition (protein, lipid, water content) to interpret and/or adjust the HCC and HOC values obtained from the preschool children and their parents. We are collecting hair samples from children ages 1-5 years (n=1200) and at least one accompanying parent (n=1200). From parents, we obtain their child’s demographic, developmental, health and environmental data. Hair samples are processed using our novel extraction methods and analyzed using specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) for HCC and HOC; these assays are validated using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC/MS-MS). We measure hair composition using direct spectrophotometric detection. On completion, these data will establish the reference norms for HCC and HOC in preschool children and examine the natural variations in HCC, HOC, and hair composition in relation to age, sex, race, ethnicity, parental, socioeconomic, or other factors. HCC and HOC values obtained from the same hair sample will also allow us to examine oxytocin-mediated regulation of the cortisol responses to ELS. Enrollment was halted due to pandemic-associated lockdowns and restrictions on preschool or childcare sites since March 2020. To enable subject enrollment, the study protocol was modified to a “contact-free” approach launched in February 2021, which will also allow us to examine effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the chronic stress and social affiliation being experienced by preschool children. We have a multidisciplinary team, the equipment, the experience, and the pilot data to successfully complete the proposed project. Completion of this research will provide age-specific reference norms for HCC and HOC in healthy preschool children. This project will address fundamental gaps in our current knowledge and establish a scientific framework to investigate long-term physical and mental health consequences of early childhood stress, following physical or psychological trauma, traumatic/toxic stress, violence-related injury, child maltreatment, and acute or critical illnesses – identified as a high-priority research area by NICHD.

早期生活压力 (ELS) 会扰乱神经、心血管、代谢和免疫系统的发育系统，导致整个生命周期的身心健康状况不佳。ELS 患病率不断上升。学龄前儿童是一个主要的公共卫生问题，从流行病学角度来看，学龄前儿童的发病率较高自杀、约会暴力、酗酒和吸毒。个人通过释放皮质醇来应对急性压力；因此，头发皮质醇浓度（HCC）可以量化儿童反复或慢性压力的暴露程度。我们关于 HCC 的试点数据揭示了与学龄前儿童慢性压力相关的各种因素。我们建议将头发催产素浓度（HOC）作为支持性和/或社交性的总结性衡量标准拟议研究的具体目标是：（1）验证新的测量方法。 1200 名学龄前儿童及其父母的 HCC 和 HOC，以便量化他们的累积暴露量压力与支持性的早期经历；(2) 测量头发成分（蛋白质、脂质、水含量）解释和/或调整从学龄前儿童及其父母获得的 HCC 和 HOC 值。我们正在收集 1-5 岁儿童 (n=1200) 和至少一名陪同家长的头发样本 (n=1200)。我们从父母那里获得他们孩子的人口统计、发育、健康和环境数据。头发样本使用我们的新颖提取方法进行处理，并使用特定的酶联技术进行分析 HCC 和 HOC 的免疫吸附测定 (ELISA)；这些测定使用超高性能液体进行验证我们使用色谱法与串联质谱法 (UPLC/MS-MS) 测量头发成分。直接分光光度检测完成后，这些数据将建立 HCC 和 HCC 的参考标准。学龄前儿童的 HOC，并检查 HCC、HOC 和头发成分与从年龄、性别、种族、民族、父母、社会经济或其他因素获得的 HCC 和 HOC 值。相同的头发样本还可以让我们检查催产素介导的皮质醇对 ELS 反应的调节。由于与大流行相关的封锁以及对学前班或托儿所的限制，入学已停止自 2020 年 3 月起。为了实现受试者注册，研究方案修改为“非接触”方法于 2021 年 2 月推出，这也将使我们能够研究 COVID-19 大流行对学龄前儿童经历的长期压力和社会归属感。我们拥有多学科团队、设备、经验和中试数据来成功完成拟议项目的完成将为 HCC 和 HOC 提供特定年龄的参考标准。该项目将解决我们当前知识和健康方面的根本差距。建立一个科学框架来调查早期的长期身心健康后果童年压力、身体或心理创伤、创伤/毒性压力、暴力相关伤害、虐待儿童以及急性或危重疾病——NICHD 确定为高度优先的研究领域。