Influences of the Efferent System on Human Auditory Function

传出系统对人类听觉功能的影响

基本信息

批准号：
10168114
负责人：
Skyler G. Jennings
金额：
$ 5.14万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF UTAH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-04-01 至 2023-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10168114
关键词：
Acoustics Action Potentials Adult Aging Algorithms Area Auditory Auditory Perception Auditory system Behavioral Research Biomedical Research Cochlea Cochlear Hearing Loss Code Communication Computer Models Data Detection Development Development Plans Diagnostic Procedure Discrimination Disease Ear Electrophysiology (science)Elements Environment Family Friends Functional disorder Funding Goals Hearing Hearing Aids Human Impairment Individual Ipsilateral Knowledge Laboratory Animals Lead Link Measures Medial Mentors Methods Mission Modeling National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders Noise Pathway interactions Perception Performance Physiological Principal Investigator Procedures Process Productivity Public Health Quality of life Reflex action Rehabilitation therapy Research Research Methodology Research Personnel Research Support Research Training Role Senior Scientist Signal Transduction Speech Speech Discrimination Speech Perception Structure System Techniques Training Translating Voice base career career development contrast enhanced design hearing impairment human subject improved innovation models and simulation neurophysiology normal hearing novel novel diagnostics prevent programs rehabilitation strategy relating to nervous system response signal processing skills sound speech in noise

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Although current hearing devices improve listening in quiet environments, they do little to improve speech understanding in noisy backgrounds. The long-term goal of this research program is to fully understand the relationship between auditory perception and physiological mechanisms responsible for adapting to the local soundscape. The objective of this particular application is to understand the role of the medial olivocochlear (MOC) reflex in the perception of fluctuating sounds and on speech-in-noise performance in normal hearing and hearing impaired listeners using perceptual, electrophysiological, and auditory modeling techniques. The central hypothesis of the proposed research is that cochlear hearing loss limits the ability of the MOC reflex to regulate cochlear gain, thus preventing the putative perceptual and neural benefits associated with the reflex. The rationale of the proposed research is that a detailed description of the influence of the MOC reflex on human auditory function has the potential to translate to a better understanding of why hearing devices provide little benefit to improving speech-in-noise performance in hearing impaired adults. This detailed description will be obtained by completing the following specific aims: 1) Determine the role of the MOC reflex in the detection of temporal fluctuations and the identification of speech syllables in noise; 2) Determine the effect of eliciting the ipsilateral MOC reflex on the compound action potential (CAP) in human subjects with and without cochlear hearing loss; and 3) Simulate the influence of the MOC reflex on auditory function in listeners with and without cochlear hearing loss. This approach is innovative because it links empirical findings from normal and impaired perception and electrophysiology to a quantitative theoretical framework using a computational auditory model. The proposed research is significant because it is expected to lead to 1) a clear understanding of the role of the MOC reflex in humans with normal and impaired auditory systems, 2) effective procedures for evaluating the influence of the MOC reflex on auditory function, 3) novel MOC-inspired signal processing algorithms for hearing devices, and 4) a better quality of life for hearing impaired individuals by providing improved communication with family, friends, and co-workers. To achieve the research objectives of this application, the principal investigator (PI) has designed a career development plan to acquire expertise in speech perception and electrophysiological methods, and deepen expertise in computational auditory modeling. Training in these areas will be obtained by frequent communication and planned mentoring activities with senior scientists in the PI's mentoring/advising team. This training will provide the PI with the skills needed to become an independent investigator, and prepare for a career of research productivity.

项目概要/摘要尽管当前的助听器可以改善安静环境中的听力，但它们对改善语音效果甚微在嘈杂的背景下理解。该研究计划的长期目标是充分了解听觉感知与负责适应局部的生理机制之间的关系音景。此特定应用的目的是了解内侧橄榄耳蜗的作用 (MOC) 正常听力中对波动声音的感知和噪声中语音表现的反射和听力受损的听众使用知觉、电生理学和听觉建模技术。这该研究的中心假设是耳蜗听力损失限制了 MOC 反射的能力调节耳蜗增益，从而防止与反射相关的假定感知和神经益处。本研究的基本原理是详细描述 MOC 反射对人类听觉功能有可能转化为更好地理解为什么听力设备提供对于改善听力受损成人的噪声中言语表现几乎没有什么好处。这个详细的描述将通过完成以下具体目标即可获得： 1) 确定 MOC 反射在检测中的作用时间波动和噪声中语音音节的识别； 2）确定诱发效果有或没有耳蜗的人类受试者复合动作电位 (CAP) 的同侧 MOC 反射听力损失； 3) 模拟 MOC 反射对听者听觉功能的影响耳蜗听力损失。这种方法是创新的，因为它将正常和受损的经验发现联系起来使用计算听觉模型将感知和电生理学转化为定量理论框架。拟议的研究意义重大，因为它预计将导致：1）清楚地了解听觉系统正常和受损的人类的 MOC 反射，2) 有效的评估程序 MOC 反射对听觉功能的影响，3）受 MOC 启发的新颖信号处理算法助听器，以及 4) 通过提供改进的服务来提高听力障碍人士的生活质量与家人、朋友和同事的沟通。为了实现本申请的研究目标，首席研究员 (PI) 设计了职业发展计划以获得语音感知方面的专业知识和电生理学方法，并加深计算听觉建模方面的专业知识。这些方面的培训领域将通过与资深科学家的频繁沟通和有计划的指导活动来获得 PI 的指导/建议团队。该培训将为 PI 提供成为独立人员所需的技能调查员，并为研究生产力的职业生涯做好准备。