REGULATION OF JAW MOVEMENTS

下巴运动的调节

基本信息

批准号：
2131321
负责人：
LEE T ROBERTSON
金额：
$ 3.33万
依托单位：
OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1992-09-15 至 1995-09-14
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The long term goal of this research is to understand the neural mechanisms that regulate jaw movements. There is a poor understanding of the role of the major neuronal components (motor cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia) in the control of modulation of voluntary and rhythmic jaw movements. The proposed project will examine the effects of cerebellar and basal ganglia (i.e., Parkinson's disease) dysfunction in man on the timing, force production, and sequencing of muscle activity during voluntary and rhythmic jaw movements. Two specific aims are proposed: (1) To determine what changes in jaw movement occur in subjects with cerebellar-disease and (2) to determine what changes in jaw movement occur in subjects with Parkinson's disease. The performance of the patients will be compared with age-matched control subjects. It is hypothesized that the subjects with cerebellar dysfunction will show deficits in voluntary jaw movements when timing is critical, but no deficits in normal chewing. It is anticipated that subjects with Parkinson's disease will show performance deficits in tasks requiring speed and force production but no deficits in normal opening and closing of the mouth, normal chewing, or slowed rhythmic jaw movements. The three-dimensional movements of the mandible will be recorded, which will provide data on the position, velocity, and trajectory of the jaw during all tasks. Electromyographic (EMG) activity will be recorded from the right and left temporalis, masseter and digastric muscles. A miniature bite force sensor will measure force during jaw closing. After a brief oral examination, the subjects will be tested on the following tasks: normal and fast opening, closing, and lateral movements of the jaw; normal chewing and paced rhythmic jaw movements; and short and prolonged clenching. Results from the proposed studies will elucidate the effects of cerebellar dysfunction or Parkinson's disease on jaw movements. It is anticipated that this study will serve as the basis of subsequent work on the mechanisms of cerebellar and basal ganglia control of the jaw and will be useful in developing appropriate dental treatment plans for patients with these severe motor disorders (e.g., employing dental appliances that minimize particular force vectors).

这项研究的长期目标是了解神经调节下颌运动的机制。理解很差主要神经元成分的作用（运动皮层，小脑，和基底神经节）控制自愿和有节奏的下巴动作。拟议的项目将检查效果小脑和基底神经节（即帕金森氏病）的功能障碍在男人的时机，强制产生和肌肉测序自愿和节奏下颌运动期间的活动。提出了两个具体目标：（1）确定下颌的变化运动发生在患有小脑疾病的受试者中，（2）确定帕金森氏病的受试者的下颌运动发生了什么变化。患者的表现将与年龄匹配控制对象。假设有小脑的受试者定时时，功能障碍将显示自愿下颌运动的赤字关键，但没有正常咀嚼的缺陷。预计患有帕金森氏病的受试者会在需要速度和力量产生的任务，但没有正常的赤字嘴巴的张开和闭合，正常的咀嚼或节奏速度放慢动作。将记录下颌骨的三维运动，将提供有关下颌位置，速度和轨迹的数据在所有任务中。将记录肌电图（EMG）活性从左右颞叶，咬合肌肉和digastric肌肉。一个微型咬合力传感器将在下颌闭合期间测量力。经过短暂的口腔检查后，受试者将在以下任务：正常和快速打开，关闭和横向运动下巴正常的咀嚼和节奏节奏的节奏下颌运动；和简短并长时间紧握。拟议研究的结果将阐明小脑功能障碍或帕金森氏病有关下颌运动。这是预计这项研究将成为后续工作的基础关于小脑和基底神经节控制颌骨的机制对于制定适当的牙科治疗计划将是有用的患有这些严重运动障碍的患者（例如，使用牙齿最小化特定力向量的设备）。