BIOTRIBOLOGY OF DIARTHRODIAL JOINTS

关节生物摩擦学

• 批准号: 2083360
• 负责人: GERARD A. ATESHIAN
• 金额: $ 10.56万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIV NEW YORK MORNINGSIDE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1995
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1995-06-15 至 2000-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/2083360
• 关键词: articular cartilage; biomechanics; joints; mechanical stress; surface property; synovial fluid

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Applicant's Abstract): Understanding the lubrication of diarthrodial joints has been an important objective in the field of biomechanics since the early part of this century. The process by which this efficient lubrication is maintained is not yet fully understood although several theories on this topic have been advanced through the years. While research in the biotribology of diarthrodial joints has been relatively limited recently, the applicant believes that there currently exists a unique opportunity to achieve major strides in this area. The objectives of this study are to provide a new quantitative theory for predicting the frictional response of articular cartilage, and to perform experiments that directly test the predictive ability of this proposed friction theory. The dependence of cartilage frictional properties on the presence of a boundary lubricant and on the integrity of the collagen ultrastructure will also be investigated. These objectives will be achieved using the latest developments in the theoretical modeling of cartilage, as well as the latest literature findings from frictional experiments. A correct theoretical model of cartilage friction should be expected to predict all experimentally observed phenomena, or most of them if mixed lubrications modes prevail. These include the ability to predict that the cartilage friction coefficient is time-dependent, velocity-dependent, and load-dependent, while being nearly independent of the viscosity of synovial fluid. The development of such a predictive model is significant at several levels. First, a fundamental understanding of the biotribology of diarthrodial joints has been an elusive basic science goal for several decades. A comprehensive and accurate theory would shed light into a lubrication mechanism heretofore poorly understood, and would provide insights on how that mechanism is suited for the intermittent motions and high loads of diarthrodial joints. Second, a theoretical knowledge of the lubrication mechanism will provide a better ability to predict how that mechanism might deteriorate or be defeated as a result of material property changes (e.g., from cartilage or synovial fluid degeneration), or geometry changes (e.g., cartilage thinning, surface remodeling, surgical interventions). Third, precise knowledge of the behavior of the frictional coefficient of cartilage may provide a greater understanding of the role of frictional surface tractions on the state of stress within cartilage, and whether a deterioration of the frictional properties may promote tissue degeneration through mechanical pathways. One of the long-term goals of this proposal is to demonstrate that the wide variation of frictional properties reported in the literature are not necessarily inconsistent with each other, and can be related to fundamental mechanisms that can be described theoretically, and verified experimentally.

描述（根据申请人的摘要改编）：了解 腹膜关节的润滑一直是 自本世纪初以来的生物力学领域。 过程 维持这种有效的润滑尚未完全 尽管已经提出了有关该主题的几种理论，但他理解了 多年来。 而在腹膜二的生物脱水学方面进行研究 申请人认为，关节最近受到了相对有限的限制。 目前有一个独特的机会来取得重大进展 这个区域。 这项研究的目标是提供新的 定量理论用于预测关节的摩擦反应 软骨，并执行直接测试预测性的实验 这种提出的摩擦理论的能力。 软骨的依赖性 在存在边界润滑剂的情况下以及在 还将研究胶原蛋白超微结构的完整性。 这些目标将通过使用中的最新发展来实现 软骨的理论建模以及最新文献 摩擦实验的发现。 正确的理论模型 软骨摩擦应预期在实验中预测所有 观察到的现象，或大多数混合润滑模式占上风。 这些包括预测软骨摩擦的能力 系数是时间依赖性，速度依赖性和载荷依赖性的， 而几乎独立于滑液的粘度。 这 这种预测模型的开发在多个层面上是显着的。 首先，对腹膜植物生物脱水学的基本理解 几十年来，关节一直是一个难以捉摸的基础科学目标。 一个 全面而准确的理论将阐明润滑 迄今为止，机制的理解还差，并将提供有关的见解 该机制如何适合间歇运动和高负荷 腹泻关节。 第二，理论知识 润滑机制将提供更好的能力来预测如何 机制可能由于材料而恶化或被击败 属性变化（例如，从软骨或滑液变性）， 或几何变化（例如，软骨变薄，表面重塑， 手术干预措施）。 第三，精确的对行为的知识 软骨的摩擦系数可能会提供更大的 理解摩擦表面在状态的作用 软骨内的压力，以及是否恶化 摩擦特性可以通过机械促进组织变性 途径。 该提议的长期目标之一是证明 摩擦特性的广泛差异在 文学不一定彼此不一致，可以 与可以在理论上描述的基本机制有关 并通过实验验证。