From 9/11 Through COVID-19: Mass Disaster and Alcohol

从 9/11 到 COVID-19：大规模灾难和酒精

• 批准号: 10531063
• 负责人: RENEE D GOODWIN
• 金额: $ 74.65万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-15 至 2028-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10531063
• 关键词: Adopted; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; American; Area; Behavior; Beverages; COVID-19; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 pandemic effects; Cessation of life; Clinical; Consumption; Data; Data Collection; Development; Dimensions; Disasters; Disease; Event; Exposure to; Family; Fatality rate; Frequencies; Future; Geographic Locations; Goals; Government; HIV; Health Policy; Home; Hospitals; Individual; Investigation; Laboratories; Light; Long COVID; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Minor; Natural experiment; New York; New York City; Outcome; Participant; Patients; Pennsylvania; Policies; Population; Preparation; Prevention strategy; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recovery; Relapse; Reporting; Research; Residual state; Risk Factors; Role; SARS-CoV-2 exposure; Sales; Schools; Services; Severities; Shelter facility; Site; Social support; State Government; Stress; Symptoms; Tennessee; Time; Trauma; United States; Washington; age group; alcohol availability; alcohol measurement; alcohol outlet density; alcohol use disorder; burden of illness; cohort; contextual factors; coronavirus disease; distilled alcoholic beverage; experience; insight; marijuana use; meetings; metropolitan; pandemic disease; peer; post-COVID-19; premature; prospective; public health priorities; public policy on alcohol; reduced alcohol use; response; self help; sound; substance use; trauma exposure

The role of mass disaster as a risk factor for increased alcohol use is not well understood and has emerged as a top public health priority in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Early reports suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected alcohol use. Yet, to effectively understand the degree to which exposure to the pandemic, and specific dimensions of that experience, affect an individual’s alcohol use requires data collected pre-disaster, in real time (as opposed to relying on retrospective reporting). This includes: their past alcohol use and related risk factors, prior disaster exposure at varying ages, differing degrees of exposure severity to the same mass disaster, prior mental health and contextual factors. Such a study also requires prospective, repeated assessments, during and following COVD-19, of their alcohol use and related risk factors. By meeting these criteria, the current study offers a unique opportunity to utilize COVD-19 as a natural experiment to explore the impact of exposure to mass disaster on alcohol use over time. New York City (NYC) was the U.S. epicenter of the COVID-19 Pandemic in March, 2020. The first confirmed case in NYC was identified on March 1, 2020, and the first COVID-19 death on March 14, 2020. On March 20th, a shelter in place order was mandated. Simultaneously, liquor stores and home delivery of alcohol were deemed an “essential service", along with grocery stores and hospitals. The proposed study will draw on participants in our Stress & COVID Study (N=866), who reside in the NYC Metropolitan Area, and have already been assessed six times since 2007 (3 pre-COVID and 3 during) for their exposure to mass disaster (9/11 and COVID-19), alcohol use, mental health and family/contextual factors. Having access to those six prior waves of data, this study will add three new prospective waves of data collection (2022-2027) in a subset of that cohort and will investigate post COVID-19 alcohol use behaviors in detail. The overarching goal of this study is to investigate how alcohol use is impacted long-term by the COVID-19 pandemic, taking extensive data on pre-pandemic alcohol use, mental health and prior trauma exposure into account. Using the wealth of information available on each individual prior to COVID-19, in combination with this prospective examination (2022-2027) of alcohol use, mental health and other substance use, as well as unique features of their pandemic experience, we will determine the specific impact of mass disaster on alcohol use. Our findings will have substantial clinical public health implications for mitigating long-term harm from the current pandemic, while deepening our understanding of how mass disaster affects alcohol use behaviors. This study’s results are urgently needed to provide evidence on whether a population-level increase in alcohol use and alcohol use problems was a temporary increase or whether it is an unintended long-term residual outcome of the combination of COVID-19 and deeming alcohol to be essential during shelter-in-place order. Our estimates will inform policymakers and provide new insight into the impact of mass disasters on alcohol use over time, which will be critical in developing sound public health policy.

大规模灾难作为增加饮酒的危险因素的作用尚未得到充分理解，并且已经出现为 在Covid-19-19大流行的背景下，公共卫生的重点是最高的。早期报告表明COVID-19 大流行严重影响了酒精的使用。但是，有效地了解接触的程度 这种经验的大流行和特定维度会影响个人的饮酒需要数据 实时收集了前司机（而不是依靠回顾性报告）。这包括：他们的过去 酒精使用和相关风险因素，以前的灾难暴露在不同年龄段，不同程度的暴露程度 对同一大规模灾难的严重性，先前的心理健康和上下文因素。这样的研究也需要 在COVD-19期间和之后，对其饮酒和相关风险因素的前瞻性评估。 通过符合这些标准，当前的研究提供了将COVD-19作为自然的独特机会 试验以探索暴露于大规模灾难对饮酒的影响。纽约市（纽约） 是2020年3月Covid-19美国大流行的美国中心。纽约市的第一个确认案件是 于2020年3月1日确定，并于2020年3月14日死亡。3月20日，有一个庇护所 要求命令。同时，白酒店和酒精的送货被认为是“必不可少的 服务”，以及杂货店和医院。拟议的研究将借鉴我们的压力和 居住在纽约市大都市地区的Covid研究（n = 866），已经对六次进行了评估 自2007年以来（3个前旋转和3个），以暴露于大规模灾难（9/11和Covid-11），酒精使用， 心理健康和家庭/背景因素。可以访问这六个先前的数据浪潮，这项研究将增加 在该队列的子集中，三个新的数据收集的前瞻性浪潮（2022-2027），并将调查职位 Covid-19详细介绍了酒精使用行为。这项研究的总体目标是研究酒精的使用方式 长期对199大流行的长期影响，获取大量大传染性酒精的数据，精神 健康和事先创伤。使用以前可用的大量信息 到19 covid-19，结合了对酒精使用，心理健康和 其他物质使用以及其大流行体验的独特特征，我们将确定特定的 大规模灾难对饮酒的影响。我们的发现将对 减轻当前大流行的长期伤害，同时加深我们对大规模灾难的理解 影响饮酒行为。迫切需要这项研究的结果，以提供证据 人口水平的饮酒和饮酒问题的增加是暂时的增加或是否是 Covid-19和认为酒精是必不可少的意外长期残留结果 在现场秩序期间。我们的估计将为决策者提供信息，并提供有关 随着时间的推移，大规模灾难对酒精的使用，这对于制定合理的公共卫生政策至关重要。