An Experimental Evaluation of How Survey Measurement of Sexual Identity Affects Population Estimates of Identity-Based Differences in the Prevalence of Adverse Health Outcomes

性别认同的调查测量如何影响不良健康结果发生率中基于身份的差异的人口估计的实验评估

• 批准号: 10526008
• 负责人: Brady T West
• 金额: $ 8万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN AT ANN ARBOR
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-20 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10526008
• 关键词: Adolescence; Affect; Age; Alcohols; Anxiety; Area; Attenuated; Bisexual; Cessation of life; Climacteric; Data; Data Analyses; Data Set; Demography; Development; Discrimination; Disease; Drug usage; Education; Epidemiology; Ethnic Origin; Evaluation; Family; Funding; Future; Gays; Growth; Health; Health Policy; Health behavior; Individual; International; Knowledge; Lesbian; Lesbian Gay Bisexual; Link; Measurement; Measures; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methodology; Methods; Moods; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Outcome; Policies; Population; Prevalence; Public Health; Publishing; Qualitative Research; Race; Randomized; Reporting; Reproductive Health; Research; Research Personnel; Respondent; Risk; Risk Factors; Sample Size; Sampling; Sex Behavior; Sexual Health; Social Sciences; Subgroup; Substance Use Disorder; Suicide; Surveys; Work; attenuation; base; behavioral outcome; clinical practice; design; disorder risk; experience; experimental study; health data; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; improved; innovation; interest; novel; practice setting; reproductive; response; secondary analysis; sex; sexual identity; sexual minority; sexual minority group; sociodemographics; substance misuse; substance use; tool; young adult

ABSTRACT A large body of research has presented evidence of significant differences among subgroups of individuals defined by sexual identity in terms of the prevalence of adverse health outcomes, where subgroups of individuals who identify as sexual minorities (e.g., lesbian, gay, bisexual) have been shown to be at higher risk of substance use disorders, mental health disorders, suicidality, discrimination, and risky sexual behaviors. This research has led to the implementation of public health policies designed to understand and reduce these differences at the local, state and national levels. The majority of this research has utilized secondary analyses of large national survey data sets that collect measures of both sexual identity and the various health behaviors, so the validity of the estimated differences reported in these studies therefore relies heavily on high- quality measurement of the construct of sexual identity. Despite a large amount of recent qualitative work on methods for improving this measurement, much of our existing knowledge about these differences is based on surveys that collected relatively simple closed-ended measures of this construct. This practice introduces a risk of survey respondents being misclassified in terms of their sexual identity, especially if respondents do not perceive that the small number of sexual identity options provided apply to them. This misclassification will ultimately attenuate population estimates of the associations between sexual identity and health outcomes, potentially understating differences or providing misleading estimates of the directions of the differences. The proposed PI and co-I recently published a demonstration of this significant problem at the national level in a preliminary study using novel experimental data from the NICHD-funded National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). This proposed secondary analysis project aims to build on this preliminary work, consistent with the purpose and scope of Notice of Special Interest NOT-HD-20-022. By conducting secondary analyses of data collected from five years of the NSFG (2015-2019), where two large national half-samples were randomly assigned to receive different versions of a question about sexual identity, and also conducting parallel analyses of identical data from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health (2015-2019) for replication purposes, this project will evaluate the possibility of attenuation in estimates of the differences between sexual identity subgroups in the distributions of additional health outcomes of interest to NICHD, and extend the study of the attenuation problem to socio-demographic subgroups and the potential moderation of these differences by state-level policies related to the protection of sexual minorities. Results from the proposed work will inform existing policies and motivate future experimental research further evaluating improved tools for the measurement of sexual identity in national surveys.

抽象的 大量研究提供了个人亚组之间显着差异的证据 根据不良健康结果的患病率而定义的，其中亚组的子组 认定是性少数群体的个人（例如，女同性恋，同性恋，双性恋）的风险更高 药物使用障碍，精神健康障碍，自杀，歧视和风险的性行为。 这项研究导致实施旨在理解和减少这些政策的公共卫生政策 地方，州和国家一级的差异。这项研究的大多数都使用了二级分析 大型国家调查数据集，以收集性别身份和各种健康状况的衡量标准 行为，因此在这些研究中报告的估计差异的有效性在很大程度上取决于高 性认同结构的质量测量。尽管最近进行了大量的定性工作 改进此测量的方法，我们对这些差异的许多现有知识都基于 调查收集了该结构相对简单的封闭措施。这种做法引入了风险 受访者在性别身份方面被错误分类，尤其是在受访者没有的情况下 认为提供的性身份选择少数适用于他们。这种错误分类将会 最终减弱了人口对性认同与健康结果之间关联的估计， 潜在的低估差异或提供差异方向的误导性估计。这 拟议的PI和Co-I最近在国家一级发表了这个重大问题的演示。 使用NICHD资助的全国家庭增长调查的新型实验数据的初步研究 （NSFG）。 该提出的二级分析项目旨在基于这项初步工作，与 特殊利益通知的目的和范围非HD-20-022。通过对数据进行次要分析 从NSFG的五年（2015-2019）收集，其中有两个大型国家半样本是随机的 分配接受有关性认同的问题的不同版本，并进行并行分析 全国药物使用与健康调查（2015-2019）的相同数据出于复制目的， 项目将评估估计性身份之间差异的可能性 NICHD额外感兴趣的健康结果的分布中的亚组，并扩展了对 对社会人口统计学亚组的衰减问题以及这些差异的潜在适度 州级政策与保护少数群体有关。拟议工作的结果将告知 现有政策并激发未来的实验研究进一步评估改进的工具 国家调查中的性认同度量。