Evaluating Teen-Parent Dynamics in Adolescent COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance and Uptake

评估青少年家长对青少年 COVID-19 疫苗接受和使用的动态

• 批准号: 10510299
• 负责人: Annette Karena Regan
• 金额: $ 19.51万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SAN FRANCISCO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10510299
• 关键词: 12 year old; 17 year old; Address; Adolescent; Adult; Attitude; Behavior; COVID-19; COVID-19 impact; COVID-19 monitoring; COVID-19 mortality; COVID-19 pandemic; COVID-19 vaccination; COVID-19 vaccine; Cessation of life; Child; Communities; Consent; Data; Data Collection; Decision Making; Development; Disease; District of Columbia; Dose; Educational Intervention; Ethnic Origin; Future; Geographic state; Health; Health Benefit; Health Knowledge Attitudes Practice; Hospitalization; Immunization; Immunize; Incidence; Individual; Infection; Intervention; Joints; Measurement; Measures; Methods; Morbidity - disease rate; Parents; Policies; Population; Predictive Factor; Prevention; Process; Public Health; Race; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Risk; SARS-CoV-2 B.1.617.2; SARS-CoV-2 transmission; Schools; Surveys; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Vaccinated; Vaccination; Vaccines; Virus; aged; experience; falls; global health; health care availability; health care service; high school; hospitalization rates; improved; infection risk; innovation; junior high school; novel; novel strategies; pandemic disease; parental influence; public health priorities; sex; social factors; social health determinants; sociodemographic factors; therapy development; tool; unvaccinated; uptake; vaccine acceptance; vaccine hesitancy; vaccine safety

PROJECT SUMMARY Although early in the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of hospitalizations and deaths occurred among adults, since the rise of the delta variant in the US, hospitalizations among adolescents have steadily increased. Between June and August 2021, the hospitalization rate for adolescents with COVID-19 increased five-fold. In addition to the direct health consequences of COVID-19, adolescents are a key group for mitigating the transmission of the SARS-CoV-2 virus. The reopening of middle and high-schools creates additional opportunities for sustained transmission of COVID-19 in the community, making prevention of adolescent infection a public health priority for COVID-19 control. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for all individuals 12 years and older and reduces the risk of infection and adolescent hospitalization with COVID-19. Despite the public health benefits, immunization rates are suboptimal among US adolescents. As of July 31, 2021, 42% of US adolescents aged 12-17 years old have received ≥1 dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and 32% were fully vaccinated. These rates fall well below the national average of 76% of the US population ≥12 years of age with ≥1 dose of the COVID-19 vaccine and the 65% fully vaccinated. Historically, interventions to improve adolescent vaccine coverage have almost exclusively targeted parents. As a result, we currently have a poor understanding of vaccine hesitancy among adolescents and how this relates to vaccine decision-making. Given a) poor COVID-19 immunization rates observed among adolescents, b) the fact that more than 30% of adolescents report being involved in vaccine decision-making, and c) the recent expansion of state policies to allow adolescent consent to vaccination, examination of joint and independent adolescent and parental vaccine attitudes and how these attitudes drive vaccine acceptance is critically needed to more effectively control the spread of COVID-19. Through an innovative approach to data collection and novel application of an existing statistical framework, we aim to i) validate a measurement tool for monitoring COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in adolescents and their parents, ii) identify how this hesitancy correlates between adolescents and their parents and iii) evaluate how adolescent and parental vaccine hesitancy interacts in the decision to vaccinate against COVID-19. Interventions that exclusively target parents are less likely to be effective compared to multilevel interventions targeting both adolescents and their parents. Evidence generated by this application will be used to develop such interventions. In future, this framework could be applied to improve uptake of other recommended adolescent vaccines.

项目概要 尽管在 COVID-19 大流行初期，大多数住院和死亡发生在成年人中， 自从 Delta 变种在美国兴起以来，青少年住院人数稳步增加。 2021 年 6 月至 8 月期间，患有 COVID-19 的青少年的住院率增加了五倍。 除了 COVID-19 造成的直接健康后果外，青少年也是缓解新冠肺炎疫情的关键群体 SARS-CoV-2 病毒的传播。初中和高中的重新开放造成了额外的影响。 COVID-19 在社区持续传播的机会，从而预防青少年 感染是控制 COVID-19 的公共卫生优先事项。 建议所有 12 岁及以上的人接种 COVID-19 疫苗，以降低感染风险 尽管有公共卫生益处，但免疫接种率仍然较低。 截至 2021 年 7 月 31 日，42% 的 12-17 岁美国青少年患有此病。 接受了 ≥1 剂 COVID-19 疫苗，并且 32% 已完全接种疫苗。这些比率远低于预期。 全国平均 76% 的 12 岁以上美国人口接种了 1 剂以上的 COVID-19 疫苗， 65% 的人已完全接种疫苗 从历史上看，提高青少年疫苗覆盖率的干预措施几乎已经完成。 因此，我们目前对疫苗犹豫不决的情况了解甚少。 鉴于 a) COVID-19 免疫率较低，这与青少年的疫苗决策有何关系。 在青少年中观察到，b) 超过 30% 的青少年报告参与了疫苗接种 决策，以及 c) 最近扩大了允许青少年同意接种疫苗的国家政策， 检查青少年和父母联合和独立的疫苗态度以及这些态度如何驱动 为了更有效地控制 COVID-19 的传播，迫切需要接受疫苗。 通过创新的数据收集方法和现有统计框架的新颖应用， 我们的目标是 i) 验证一种测量工具，用于监测青少年及其青少年对 COVID-19 疫苗犹豫的情况 父母，ii) 确定这种犹豫与青少年及其父母之间的关系，以及 iii) 评估如何 青少年和父母对疫苗犹豫在决定接种 COVID-19 疫苗时的相互作用。 与多层次干预措施相比，专门针对父母的干预措施不太可能有效 该应用程序生成的证据将用于开发。 未来，该框架可用于提高其他建议的采纳率。 青少年疫苗。