Preventing Youth Violence Through Building Equitable Communities: An Evaluation of a Multisystemic Intervention

通过建立公平社区预防青少年暴力：多系统干预评估

基本信息

批准号：
10472207
负责人：
Krista Ruth Mehari
金额：
$ 71.34万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTH ALABAMA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-05-15 至 2027-01-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10472207
关键词：
Accounting Address Affect African American African American population Age Aggressive behavior Anxiety Attitude Behavior Behavior Therapy Cause of Death Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Cessation of life Chronic Cities Climate Communities Data Disadvantaged Discipline Distress Education Educational process of instructing Effectiveness Evaluation Experimental Designs Failure Growth Homicide Human Resources Individual Injury Institutional Racism Interpersonal Violence Intervention Justice Law Enforcement Lead Legal Low income Measures Methodology Minority Morbidity - disease rate Outcome Patient Self-Report Plant Roots Police Police officer Population Prevalence Prevention Prevention approach Prevention program Prevention strategy Prisons Problem behavior Public Health Quality of life Randomized Recording of previous events Reduce health disparities Reporting Research Personnel Role Safety School-Age Population Schools Science Self-Direction Structural Racism Suicide Suicide prevention Surveys Suspensions System Training Violence Work Youth aged archive data archived data assault base caucasian American community building community intervention community violence completed suicide depressive symptoms design educational atmosphere effective intervention experience health disparity ideation innovation junior high school juvenile arrest male mortality multi-component intervention novel strategies pedagogy perceived discrimination psychologic racial disparity racism reduce youth violence reducing suicide school violence societal costs stress symptom stressor suicide rate teacher trauma exposure traumatic stress violence exposure violence prevention youth violence youth violence prevention

项目摘要

7. Project Summary Violence disproportionately affects African American youth. In addition to death and injury, violence exposure has significant psychological consequences, including traumatic stress symptoms and internalizing problems. Self-directed violence has shown startling and disproportionate growth among African American youth, with suicide rates nearly doubling from 2007 to 2018. Current prevention strategies have limited effectiveness, perhaps due to their failure to address the causal role of structural racism in violence. The primary aim of this proposed project is to examine the extent to which an intervention addressing structural racism in education and law enforcement reduces interpersonal violence and suicide among middle school-aged youth, with a focus on populations experiencing health disparities (African Americans; low-income communities). The proposed project will examine community-level changes using a multiple baseline experimental design that randomizes the start of the intervention in four communities, each comprising a police precinct and middle school. The intervention will consist of (a) school-based intervention components including a culturally responsive, community-inclusive adaptation of a whole-school climate intervention (School-wide Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports), and culturally responsive practices training and coaching; (b) law enforcement-based intervention components representing procedural justice interventions, including training in disproportionate minority contact, and training and coaching on de-escalation with trauma-exposed youth; and (c) an integrated community intervention that includes community-building between police officers, school personnel, and youth through team-oriented contact. Outcomes will be measured using archival data from the schools and police department as well as survey data from youth, school personnel, and police officers. Aim 1 is to evaluate the extent to which targeting structural and cultural racism reduces interpersonal violence among youth, as measured by individual-level, school-level, and precinct-level data. Aim 2 is to evaluate the extent to which targeting structural and cultural racism reduces suicidality among youth, as measured by completed suicides and proximal precedents for suicide, including attempts and ideation. Aim 3 is to evaluate the extent to which targeting structural and cultural racism reduces both overall rates and disproportionality of school- based exclusionary discipline practices; increases culturally relevant pedagogy; and reduces both overall rates and disproportionality of juvenile arrests and police use-of-force. Aim 4 is to evaluate specific intervention components by determining their effects on hypothesized mechanisms of change at the individual, teacher, school, and law enforcement levels. This intervention has the potential to reduce morbidity and mortality among African American youth, promote overall quality of life, and reduce the societal costs associated with both interpersonal violence and suicidality. Furthermore, effective strategies to address structural racism have the potential to facilitate groundbreaking public health prevention of health disparities.

7。项目摘要暴力不成比例地影响非裔美国人青年。除了死亡和伤害外，暴力暴露具有重大的心理后果，包括创伤性压力症状和内在化问题。自我指导的暴力行为已显示出令人震惊的非裔美国人青年的惊人和不成比例的增长，自杀率从2007年到2018年几乎翻了一番。当前的预防策略有限有限，也许由于他们未能解决结构性种族主义在暴力中的因果作用。主要目的拟议的项目是研究在教育中解决结构性种族主义的干预措施的程度执法部门减少了中学青年中的人际暴力和自杀专注于遇到健康差异（非裔美国人；低收入社区）的人群。这拟议的项目将使用多个基线实验设计检查社区级别的变化随机将干预措施开始在四个社区中，每个社区都包括一个警察区和中部学校。干预措施将包括（a）基于学校的干预组件，包括文化响应迅速的，包括社区的整个学校气候干预的改编（学校范围的积极行为干预和支持），以及文化响应式实践培训和教练；（b）法律代表程序司法干预措施的基于执法的干预组件，包括培训少数族裔的接触不成比例，并与暴露创伤的青年进行培训和指导；和（c）一种综合的社区干预措施，包括警察之间的社区建设，学校人员和青年通过以团队为导向的联系。结果将使用来自学校和警察局以及青年，学校人员和警察的调查数据。目标1 是为了评估针对结构和文化种族主义的程度减少了人际关系通过个人级别，学校级别和区域级数据来衡量的年轻人。目标2是评估范围以结构性和文化种族主义为目标可以减少青年人的自杀性自杀的自杀先例，包括企图和构想。目标3是评估程度针对结构和文化种族主义的针对性降低了学校的总体率和不成比例 - 基于排除学科的做法；增加与文化相关的教学法；并降低两个总比率少年逮捕和警察使用强制性的不成比例。目标4是评估特定干预措施组件通过确定其对个人，老师的变化机制的影响，学校和执法水平。这种干预有可能降低发病率和死亡率在非裔美国人青年中，促进整体生活质量，并降低与人际暴力和自杀性。此外，解决结构性种族主义的有效策略已有促进开创性公共卫生预防健康差异的潜力。