Neuronal circuits supporting learning-driven changes in auditory perception

支持学习驱动的听觉变化的神经元回路

• 批准号: 10467645
• 负责人: Maria Neimark Geffen
• 金额: $ 56.18万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-04-01 至 2027-04-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10467645
• 关键词: Acoustics; Affect; Area; Auditory; Auditory Perception; Auditory area; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological Assay; Cells; Cochlear Implants; Communication; Complex; Computer Models; Data; Detection; Development; Discrimination; Electrophysiology (science); Elements; Environment; Exhibits; Feedback; Funding; Future; Geniculate body structure; Goals; Hearing Aids; Image; Impairment; Interneurons; Knowledge; Learning; Linear Models; Measures; Medial; Mus; Neurons; Noise; Non-linear Models; Operant Conditioning; Optics; Output; Parvalbumins; Patients; Play; Population; Presbycusis; Process; Research; Role; Signal Transduction; Somatostatin; Stimulus; System; Testing; Thalamic structure; Thinness; Training; Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; Work; auditory processing; auditory thalamus; base; design; hearing impairment; inhibitory neuron; insight; neuronal circuitry; novel; optogenetics; relating to nervous system; response; sound; speech in noise

NEURONAL CIRCUITS SUPPORTING LEARNING-DRIVEN CHANGES IN AUDITORY PERCEPTION. Learning to discriminate sounds in noise is fundamental to auditory processing and is critically important for everyday communication and navigation. Both the auditory thalamus and the auditory cortex have been shown as involved in detection of sounds in noise, yet how the microcircuits within intra-cortical, cortico-thalamic and intra- thalamic interactions facilitate detection of signal in noise remains unknown. Our goal is to close this gap in knowledge and determine whether and how multiple microcircuits within the cortico-thalamic loop, including excitatory-inhibitory circuits within the primary auditory cortex; feedback loop between the auditory cortex and the lemniscal and non- lemniscal auditory thalamus; and the cortical feedback via the inhibitory thalamic reticular, contribute to the learning- driven improvement in auditory perception in noise. We will train mice to detect or discriminate between auditory targets in noise using operant conditioning. Detecting and discriminating sounds in noise activates multiple processes, including selective adaptation to background noise and learned amplification of the target representation. We will change noise contrast prior to target presentation to test how contrast adaptation interacts with target detection. We will record the neuronal responses in the cortical and sub-cortical regions during behavior, and use temporally precise, cell specific manipulations to establish the circuit that allows the mouse to learn and carry out this complex task. We will implement a novel generalized linear-non-linear model to continuously estimate gain adaptation in neuronal responses to test whether and how the distinct microcircuits adapt to contrast, detect the target and control neuronal gain. Combined, our results will reveal novel circuit-level mechanisms for hearing in noise across micro-circuits within the cortico-thalamic loop.

神经元电路支持学习驱动的听觉感知变化。 学会区分噪声中的声音对于听觉处理至关重要，并且至关重要 日常沟通和导航。听觉丘脑和听觉皮层均已显示为 参与噪声声音的检测，但是如何在皮质内，皮质 - 丘脑和内部的微电路 丘脑相互作用促进噪声中信号的检测仍然未知。我们的目标是缩小知识的差距 并确定是否以及如何以及如何在皮质 - 丘脑循环中（包括兴奋性抑制性）中的多个微电路 主要听觉皮层中的电路；听觉皮层与lemaniscal和非 - 之间的反馈循环 Lemniscal听觉丘脑；以及通过抑制性丘脑网状的皮质反馈，有助于学习 噪声中听觉感知的驱动改善。我们将训练小鼠检测或区分听觉目标 使用操作条件进行噪声。检测和区分噪声中的声音会激活多个过程，包括 选择性适应背景噪声，并学习了目标表示的扩增。我们会改变噪音 在目标呈现之前进行对比，以测试对比度适应与目标检测的相互作用。我们将记录 行为过程中皮质和亚皮质区域的神经元反应，并使用时间精确的细胞特异性 操作以建立允许鼠标学习和执行这一复杂任务的电路。我们将实施 新型的广义线性 - 非线性模型，可连续估计神经元反应中的增益适应以测试是否 以及不同的微电路如何适应对比度，检测目标并控制神经元增益。结合了我们的结果 将揭示新的电路级机制，用于在皮质 - 丘脑环内的微电路上听到噪声的听力。