Efficacy and Neurobiological Mechanisms of a Parenting-Focused Mindfullness Intervention to Prevent Adolescent Substance Use

以育儿为中心的正念干预预防青少年药物使用的功效和神经生物学机制

• 批准号: 10447182
• 负责人: Tara M Chaplin
• 金额: $ 69.46万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10447182
• 关键词: 14 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Arousal; Award; Basic Science; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Child Rearing; Clinical; Communities; Controlled Study; Development; Dorsal; Education; Educational Intervention; Emotional; Emotions; Family; Female Adolescents; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Hydrocortisone; Impairment; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Interview; Laboratories; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Mothers; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Outcome; Parents; Physiological; Plant Roots; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention strategy; Psychopathology; Public Health; Questionnaires; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Symptoms; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Youth; adolescent substance use; behavioral health; biobehavior; cingulate cortex; community clinic; disorder risk; early adolescence; effective intervention; efficacy testing; follow-up; girls; improved; innovation; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; neurobiological mechanism; novel; post intervention; prevent; randomized controlled design; recruit; response; sex; stress reactivity; substance use; substance use prevention; teenage parents

Project Summary/Abstract Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a significant public health problem. There is a need for novel substance use prevention strategies for adolescents, particularly developmentally-informed interventions rooted in basic science findings. Significant basic research indicates parent stress as a risk factor for adolescent substance use. A separate body of research finds that mindfulness interventions reduce stress in adults. Taken together, mindfulness interventions may reduce parent stress and prevent increases in substance use in adolescence. However, few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated mindfulness interventions for parents and none have tested neurobiological mechanisms. Through our NIDA-funded R34 (Pilot and Feasibility) award, we developed and conducted a pilot RCT of a parenting-focused mindfulness intervention, the Parenting Mindfully (PM) intervention, in 100 highly-stressed parents of adolescents. We found that PM reduced parent stress, increased adaptive and mindful parenting behavior, decreased parent emotional and cortisol stress reactivity in our laboratory parent-adolescent interaction task (PAIT), and prevented increases in adolescent substance use and psychopathology symptoms to 1 year follow-up, as compared to a Parent Education (PE) control. In a sub-sample of 20 mothers, PM also decreased mothers’ anterior insula reactivity and increased amygdala to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity, which predicted more adaptive parenting. The proposed study will take the next step by conducting a large RCT of PM with a longer follow-up and more rigorous PE control and by fully testing neurobiological mechanisms. 300 highly-stressed parents of early adolescents (age 12-14) will be randomly assigned to receive the PM or PE intervention. Before, during, and after the interventions, and at 6 month, 1 year, and 2 year follow- ups (into middle adolescence), we will collect questionnaire, clinical interview, and biological measures of parent stress, parenting, adolescent substance use and substance use problems, and adolescent (and parent) SUD and psychopathology symptoms. At pre- and post-intervention, observed adaptive and mindful parenting behaviors and parent emotional and cortisol stress reactivity will be measured in the PAIT task. 150 mothers will complete fMRI sessions at pre- and post- examining emotion-related neurobiological mechanisms. We will examine: 1. Efficacy of PM in preventing increases in adolescent substance use and symptoms; 2. Parent stress and parenting as mechanisms of PM on adolescent substance use; 3. Parent emotion-related fMRI responses and connectivity as neurobiological mechanisms of PM. This will be the first RCT of a stand- alone mindfulness intervention for parents of adolescents and the first to test neurobiological mechanisms. The study will provide an effective intervention to both reduce parent stress and prevent youth substance use and will identify neurobiological mechanisms to target and strengthen PM and other parenting interventions.

项目概要/摘要 物质使用障碍（SUD）是一个重大的公共卫生问题，需要新的药物。 青少年物质使用预防策略，特别是发展性干预措施 植根于基础科学发现，重要的基础研究表明，父母的压力是一个风险因素。 一项独立的研究发现，正念干预可以减轻青少年的压力。 总的来说，正念干预可以减轻父母的压力并防止父母的压力增加。 然而，很少有随机对照试验（RCT）评估了正念。 通过我们 NIDA 资助的 R34 对父母进行干预，但没有测试过神经生物学机制。 （试点和可行性）奖，我们开发并进行了一项以育儿为中心的正念试点随机对照试验 对 100 名处于高度压力的青少年父母进行的“正念育儿 (PM)”干预。 发现 PM 减少了父母的压力，增加了适应性和正念的养育行为，减少了父母的负担 我们实验室的父母与青少年互动任务（PAIT）中的情绪和皮质醇应激反应，以及 预防一年后青少年药物滥用和精神病理学症状的增加，因为 与家长教育 (PE) 对照相比，在 20 名母亲的子样本中，PM 也降低了母亲的认知度。 前岛反应性和杏仁核与背外侧前额皮质的连接增加，这预测 拟议的研究将通过进行大规模的 PM 随机对照试验来进行下一步。 通过更长时间的随访和更严格的 PE 控制并充分测试神经生物学机制。 300 名压力较大的青少年（12-14 岁）家长将被随机分配接受 PM 或 PE 干预之前、期间和之后，以及随后的 6 个月、1 年和 2 年 - ups（进入青春期中期），我们将收集问卷、临床访谈和生物学测量 父母压力、养育子女、青少年物质使用和物质使用问题以及青少年（和父母） SUD 和精神病理学症状 在干预前和干预后，观察适应性和正念养育。 PAIT 任务将测量 150 名母亲的行为以及父母的情绪和皮质醇压力反应。 将在检查情绪相关神经生物学机制之前和之后完成功能磁共振成像课程。 我们将研究： 1. PM 在预防青少年物质使用和症状增加方面的功效； 2. 父母压力和养育方式是青少年物质使用的机制 3. 父母情绪相关； fMRI 反应和连接作为 PM 的神经生物学机制，这将是第一个随机对照试验。 单独对青少年父母进行正念干预，并首次测试神经生物学机制。 研究将提供有效的干预措施，以减轻父母的压力并防止青少年滥用药物和 将确定神经生物学机制，以针对和加强 PM 和其他育儿干预措施。

项目成果

Effects of Parenting Environment on Child and Adolescent Social-Emotional Brain Function.

• DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_276
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Current topics in behavioral neurosciences