Efficacy and Neurobiological Mechanisms of a Parenting-Focused Mindfullness Intervention to Prevent Adolescent Substance Use

以育儿为中心的正念干预预防青少年药物使用的功效和神经生物学机制

• 批准号: 10447182
• 负责人: Tara M Chaplin
• 金额: $ 69.46万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2027-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10447182
• 关键词: 14 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Amygdaloid structure; Anterior; Arousal; Award; Basic Science; Biological; Brain; Brain region; Child Rearing; Clinical; Communities; Controlled Study; Development; Dorsal; Education; Educational Intervention; Emotional; Emotions; Family; Female Adolescents; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Hydrocortisone; Impairment; Insula of Reil; Intervention; Interview; Laboratories; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Mothers; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Outcome; Parents; Physiological; Plant Roots; Prefrontal Cortex; Prevention strategy; Psychopathology; Public Health; Questionnaires; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Research; Rest; Risk; Risk Factors; Sampling; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Stress; Substance Use Disorder; Symptoms; Teenagers; Testing; Time; Youth; adolescent substance use; behavioral health; biobehavior; cingulate cortex; community clinic; disorder risk; early adolescence; effective intervention; efficacy testing; follow-up; girls; improved; innovation; mindfulness; mindfulness intervention; neurobiological mechanism; novel; post intervention; prevent; randomized controlled design; recruit; response; sex; stress reactivity; substance use; substance use prevention; teenage parents

Project Summary/Abstract Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a significant public health problem. There is a need for novel substance use prevention strategies for adolescents, particularly developmentally-informed interventions rooted in basic science findings. Significant basic research indicates parent stress as a risk factor for adolescent substance use. A separate body of research finds that mindfulness interventions reduce stress in adults. Taken together, mindfulness interventions may reduce parent stress and prevent increases in substance use in adolescence. However, few randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have evaluated mindfulness interventions for parents and none have tested neurobiological mechanisms. Through our NIDA-funded R34 (Pilot and Feasibility) award, we developed and conducted a pilot RCT of a parenting-focused mindfulness intervention, the Parenting Mindfully (PM) intervention, in 100 highly-stressed parents of adolescents. We found that PM reduced parent stress, increased adaptive and mindful parenting behavior, decreased parent emotional and cortisol stress reactivity in our laboratory parent-adolescent interaction task (PAIT), and prevented increases in adolescent substance use and psychopathology symptoms to 1 year follow-up, as compared to a Parent Education (PE) control. In a sub-sample of 20 mothers, PM also decreased mothers’ anterior insula reactivity and increased amygdala to dorsolateral prefrontal cortex connectivity, which predicted more adaptive parenting. The proposed study will take the next step by conducting a large RCT of PM with a longer follow-up and more rigorous PE control and by fully testing neurobiological mechanisms. 300 highly-stressed parents of early adolescents (age 12-14) will be randomly assigned to receive the PM or PE intervention. Before, during, and after the interventions, and at 6 month, 1 year, and 2 year follow- ups (into middle adolescence), we will collect questionnaire, clinical interview, and biological measures of parent stress, parenting, adolescent substance use and substance use problems, and adolescent (and parent) SUD and psychopathology symptoms. At pre- and post-intervention, observed adaptive and mindful parenting behaviors and parent emotional and cortisol stress reactivity will be measured in the PAIT task. 150 mothers will complete fMRI sessions at pre- and post- examining emotion-related neurobiological mechanisms. We will examine: 1. Efficacy of PM in preventing increases in adolescent substance use and symptoms; 2. Parent stress and parenting as mechanisms of PM on adolescent substance use; 3. Parent emotion-related fMRI responses and connectivity as neurobiological mechanisms of PM. This will be the first RCT of a stand- alone mindfulness intervention for parents of adolescents and the first to test neurobiological mechanisms. The study will provide an effective intervention to both reduce parent stress and prevent youth substance use and will identify neurobiological mechanisms to target and strengthen PM and other parenting interventions.

项目摘要/摘要 药物使用障碍（SUD）是一个重大的公共卫生问题。需要小说 青少年的药物使用预防策略，尤其是发达的干预措施 植根于基础科学发现。大量基础研究表明，父母的压力是 青少年使用物质。另一项研究发现，正念干预措施减轻了压力 成年人。综上所述，正念干预可以减轻父母的压力并防止增加 青少年的物质使用。但是，很少有随机对照试验（RCT）评估了正念 父母的干预措施，没有人测试过神经生物学机制。通过我们的NIDA资助R34 （飞行员和可行性）奖励，我们开发并进行了以育儿为中心的正念的飞行员RCT 干预措施，即（PM）干预，在100名青少年的受压力高的父母中。我们 发现PM减轻了父母的压力，增加了自适应和正念育儿行为，父母降低了 我们实验室父母青春期互动任务（PAIT）中的情绪和皮质醇应力反应性，以及 防止青少年药物使用和心理病理学症状增加至1年的随访，如 与父母教育（PE）控制相比。在20个母亲的子样本中，PM也减少了母亲 前岛反应性并增加了杏仁核对背侧前额叶皮层连接性，该连通性预测 更多自适应育儿。拟议的研究将通过进行大量PM的RCT迈出下一步 通过更长的随访和更严格的PE控制，并通过完全测试神经生物学机制。 300名早期青少年（12-14岁）的受压力高的父母将被随机分配接受 PM或PE干预。干预措施之前，期间和之后，以及6个月，1年和2年的后续 UPS（进入青少年），我们将收集问卷，临床访谈和生物学测量 父母的压力，育儿，青少年使用和药物使用问题以及青少年（和父母） SUD和心理病理学症状。在干预前后，观察到的自适应和正念育儿 行为以及父母的情绪和皮质醇压力反应性将在辅助任务中衡量。 150位母亲 将在与情绪相关的神经生物学机制上完成fMRI会议。 我们将检查：1。PM在防止青少年物质使用和符号增加的功效； 2。父母的压力和育儿作为PM在青少年使用中的机制； 3。父母情绪有关 fMRI的反应和连通性作为PM的神经生物学机制。这将是一个独立的第一个RCT 单独对青少年父母的正念干预，也是第一个测试神经生物学机制的。 研究将提供有效的干预措施，以减轻父母压力并防止青年吸毒和 将确定靶向和加强PM和其他育儿干预措施的神经生物学机制。

项目成果

Effects of Parenting Environment on Child and Adolescent Social-Emotional Brain Function.

• DOI: 10.1007/7854_2021_276
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Current topics in behavioral neurosciences