Parent-adolescent interactions and substance abuse risk: Gender differences

父母与青少年的互动和药物滥用风险：性别差异

• 批准号: 9113521
• 负责人: Tara M Chaplin
• 金额: $ 32.85万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9113521
• 关键词: 13 year old; Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Behavior; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Arousal; Behavior; Behavioral Mechanisms; Biological; Blood Pressure; Cardiovascular system; Child; Child Rearing; Clinical; Code; Communities; Conflict (Psychology); Development; Drug usage; Emotional; Emotions; Environment; Family; Family history of; Fathers; Female Adolescents; Future; Gender; Heart Rate; Hydrocortisone; Intervention; Interview; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lead; Life Stress; Linear Models; Link; Male Adolescents; Measures; Mission; Modeling; Mothers; Neurosecretory Systems; Parents; Patient Self-Report; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiological; Prevention; Prevention program; Prevention strategy; Problem behavior; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Sampling; Stress; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Substance abuse problem; Techniques; Testing; Time; Treatment Efficacy; Work; Youth; addiction; adolescent drug use; adolescent substance use; base; boys; depressive symptoms; disorder risk; early adolescence; follow-up; gender difference; girls; high risk; hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis; improved; innovation; novel; reduced substance use; research clinical testing; response; showing emotion; substance abuse prevention; teenage parents

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Substance abuse is a major public health problem that is on the rise among adolescent girls. Despite this, we know relatively little about what risk factors lead to substance use and abuse in girls. One important risk factor that is significant for girls and that show changes in adolescence is the family environment. Previous research indicates that a family history of addiction and poor reported parenting are linked to youth's substance use, particularly for girls. However, how poor global parenting leads to substance abuse risk is not known. In addition, although talking with children about drug use is widely recommended to parents, the specific parental advice about drug use that is most effective is not known. The proposed study will address this knowledge gap by using an innovative, newly developed, and validated laboratory paradigm to assess observed parenting behaviors and adolescent multi-modal emotional and physiological responses to parent- adolescent conflict and drug use discussion interactions as these predict increases in adolescent substance use from early to middle adolescence. We hypothesize that observed parenting behaviors in the conflict and drug use discussion interactions (e.g., low warmth, high criticism, avoidance of drug discussion) and heightened adolescent emotional and physiological responses will predict initiation of and increases in substance use/abuse over time and that this prediction will be stronger for girls than boys. We will observe parent-adolescent interactions in a representative community sample of 240 12-13 year old girls and boys. In a laboratory session, parent-adolescent pairs will discuss a personalized conflict topic and the topic of drug use. Parenting behaviors (warmth, structuring, and criticism) and content of drug use discussions (avoiding drug discussion, discussing rules, examples, and consequences of drug use) and contingent emotion and heart rate will be coded continuously using a novel micro-analytic coding system. Before and at repeated time-points during and after the interaction, adolescents' and parents' emotional, physiological (heart rate, blood pressure), and neuroendocrine (cortisol) arousal will be assessed. Youth will complete biological, self-report, and clinical interview measures of substance use and abuse and associated behavior problems and depressive symptoms at Time 1 and at 6 month, and 1, 2, and 3 year follow ups. Parents will complete clinical interviews of their substance abuse and stress. Hypotheses will be tested with sophisticated longitudinal modeling techniques including Hierarchical Linear Modeling (HLM). If the hypotheses are supported, the proposed study will isolate targets for gender-based prevention programs, addressing NIDA's mission of identifying risk factors to improve intervention efficacy. Family-based preventions could identify girls with high responses to brief family talks and could target specific parenting behaviors and parent drug use advice that reduces youth arousal and substance use. Through this work we hope to discover novel, gender-sensitive, prevention strategies.

描述（由申请人提供）：滥用药物是青春期女孩中正在增加的主要公共卫生问题。尽管如此，我们对什么风险了解相对较少 因素导致女孩使用药物和滥用。一个重要的风险因素对 女孩，这表明青春期的变化是家庭环境。先前的研究表明，成瘾和报告育儿的家族史与青少年的吸毒有关，尤其是针对女孩。但是，尚不清楚全球育儿如何导致药物滥用风险。此外，尽管与父母广泛建议与孩子谈论吸毒，但最有效的有关药物使用的特定父母建议是不知道的。拟议的研究将通过使用创新，新开发和经过验证的实验室范式来解决这一知识差距，以评估观察到的育儿行为以及青少年的多模式情感和生理反应对父母青少年冲突和药物使用讨论的互动，因为这些预测这些预测的是早期至中期青少年的青少年物质使用的增加。我们假设在冲突和药物使用讨论互动中观察到的育儿行为（例如，低温，高批评，避免药物讨论）以及青少年情绪和生理反应的增强将预测随着时间的推移药物使用/滥用的启动和增加，并且这一预测对女孩的预测会更强大。我们将在240个12-13岁的女孩和男孩的代表性社区样本中观察到父母 - 青春期的互动。在实验室会议上，父母对成对将讨论个性化的冲突话题和毒品使用话题。育儿行为（温暖，结构和批评）以及药物使用讨论的内容（避免药物讨论，讨论毒品使用的规则，例子和后果）以及偶然的情绪和心率将使用新型的微分析编码系统进行连续编码。在相互作用期间和之后重复的时间点之前，将评估青少年和父母的情感，生理（心率，血压）和神经内分泌（Cortisol）的唤醒。青年将在时间1和6个月以及1、2和3年的随访中完成生物学，自我报告和临床访谈措施以及相关行为问题以及相关的行为问题以及抑郁症状。父母将完成有关滥用药物和压力的临床访谈。假设将通过包括分层线性建模（HLM）在内的复杂纵向建模技术进行测试。 如果支持假设，拟议的研究将隔离基于性别的预防计划的目标，以解决NIDA确定危险因素以提高干预效力的使命。基于家庭的预防措施可以确定对短暂家庭谈话反应高的女孩，并且可以针对特定的育儿行为和父母的药物使用建议，以减少青年唤醒和吸毒。通过这项工作，我们希望发现新颖，对性别敏感的预防策略。