Parent-adolescent interactions, gender, and substance use: Brain mechanisms.

父母与青少年的互动、性别和物质使用：大脑机制。

• 批准号: 9922233
• 负责人: Tara M Chaplin
• 金额: $ 47.16万
• 依托单位: GEORGE MASON UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9922233
• 关键词: 12 year old; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent Development; Adult; Arousal; Award; Base of the Brain; Behavioral; Biological; Brain; Child Abuse; Child Rearing; Code; Corpus striatum structure; Emotional; Emotions; Ensure; Environment; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Funding; Future; Gender; Intervention; Laboratories; Link; Literature; Measures; Mediating; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Neurobiology; Parents; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Physiological; Prevention; Prevention program; Psychopathology; Public Health; Regulation; Reporting; Research; Rest; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Sampling; Standardization; Stimulus; Strategic Planning; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Sum; System; Temperament; Testing; addiction; adolescent brain development; adolescent substance abuse; adolescent substance use; boys; brain pathway; emotional stimulus; gender difference; girls; improved; in vivo; innovation; intervention program; neurobiological mechanism; neuroimaging; novel; predicting response; programs; recruit; response; reward processing; substance use; teenage parents

Abstract (30 lines) Adolescent substance use is a significant public health problem that predicts future substance use disorders in adulthood. Precise understanding of risk factors is needed to develop and target preventions. A large body of research has identified the parenting environment as a strong risk factor for adolescent substance use. However, the brain mechanisms for effects of parenting on substance use are not known. In our current NIDA-funded R01 study, we found that maladaptive parenting behaviors measured in our novel laboratory parent-adolescent interaction task (PAIT) significantly predicted current and future (1 year later) substance use in 245 early adolescents. As a next step, in this R01 renewal application, we propose to team with a neuroscientist (co-PI Thompson) to investigate emotion- and reward-related brain mechanisms of effects of parenting on adolescent substance use. We conducted a pilot fMRI study with 72 of the adolescents from the R01 study and found initial evidence that observed parenting behaviors in the laboratory PAIT task predicted altered fronto-limbic-striatal activation to negative emotion and reward and that these brain responses predicted future adolescent substance use. Further, we found that these brain pathways differed by gender, with girls showing a pathway characterized by heightened fronto-limbic activation to negative emotion and boys showing a pathway characterized by heightened fronto-striatal activation to reward. The proposed renewal study will formally examine gender-differentiated brain pathways from parenting to adolescent substance use in a large sample with a greater range of parenting behavior. We will recruit 326 substance-naive 11-12 year olds and their parents, with 40% oversampled for maladaptive parenting. In a laboratory session, we will measure observed parenting behaviors and adolescent physiological responses in our PAIT task, validated in the current R01 study. Adolescents will complete fMRI sessions to examine brain functional activation (and also functional connectivity) in standardized emotion processing, reward processing, and resting-state tasks which we piloted in the current R01 sample. We will collect detailed behavioral and biological measures of substance use and problem use, emotion and reward sensitivity, and reported parenting at baseline and 1, 2, and 3 year follow-ups into middle adolescence. We will examine: 1. Parenting in PAIT predicting adolescent emotion- and reward-related brain function by gender and 2. Adolescent brain function predicting increases in substance use over three years, by gender. The study will be the first to integrate laboratory assessment of parenting with neuro- imaging to understand brain-based mechanisms of parenting effects on substance use. By identifying brain mechanisms of parenting effects, and gender differences in these, we can better target and strengthen parenting-focused prevention programs and develop gender-sensitive preventions.

摘要（30行） 青少年使用物质是一个重大的公共卫生问题，可以预测未来的物质使用 成年后的疾病。需要对风险因素进行精确理解，以开发和靶向预防。一个 大量研究已将育儿环境确定为青少年的强大风险因素 使用物质。但是，尚不清楚育儿对药物使用的影响的大脑机制。在 我们目前由NIDA资助的R01研究，我们发现在我们的小说中测量了适应不良的育儿行为 实验室父母 - 青少年互动任务（PAIT）显着预测了当前和未来（1年后） 245名早期青少年的物质使用。作为下一步，在此R01续订应用程序中，我们建议团队 与神经科学家（Co-Pi Thompson）一起研究情绪和奖励相关的效果机制 在青少年使用物质上的育儿。我们对72名来自 R01研究发现了最初的证据，表明在实验室攻击任务中观察到育儿行为 预测改变了额 - 边缘 - 纹状体激活对负面情绪和奖励，这些大脑 反应预测了未来的青少年物质使用。此外，我们发现这些大脑通路有所不同 性别，女孩表现出的途径为特征，其特征是额 - 额线激活增强对负面情绪 男孩表现出的路径为特征，其特征是增强的额叶激活以奖励。提议 更新研究将正式检查从育儿到青少年的性别分化的大脑途径 在育儿行为范围更大的大样本中使用物质。 我们将招募326名未知的11-12岁的物质及其父母，40％的采样 适应不良的育儿。在实验室会议中，我们将衡量观察到的育儿行为和青少年 在当前R01研究中验证了我们的PAIT任务中的生理反应。青少年将完成fMRI 在标准化情绪中检查大脑功能激活（以及功能连接性）的会话 我们在当前R01样本中试用的处理，奖励处理和休息状态任务。我们将 收集详细的行为和生物学方法的使用以及问题的使用，情感和奖励 敏感性，并在基线和1年，2年和3年的随访中进行了育儿。 我们将检查：1。育儿中的育儿，预测青少年情绪和奖励相关的大脑 性别的功能和2。青少年大脑功能预测三个物质使用的增加 年，性别。这项研究将是第一个将育儿的实验室评估与神经 - 成像以了解基于大脑的育儿对药物使用的影响的机制。通过识别大脑 育儿效应的机制以及在这些效果中的性别差异，我们可以更好地靶向和加强 以育儿为中心的预防计划并制定对性别敏感的预防措施。