Genomics of rapid adaptation in the lab and in the wild

实验室和野外快速适应的基因组学

• 批准号: 10413041
• 负责人: Dmitri Petrov
• 金额: $ 72.5万
• 依托单位: STANFORD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2026-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10413041
• 关键词: Biology; Communicable Diseases; Drosophila genus; Drug resistance; Engineering; Evolution; Foundations; Genomics; Growth; Human; Humanities; Malignant Neoplasms; Malignant neoplasm of lung; Modality; Organism; Pattern; Research; Series; System; Time; Variant; Virus; Yeasts; de novo mutation; experimental study; genomic data; mouse model; theories; tumor initiation

Project Summary Adaptation is the foundational concept in biology. My lab aims to build an empirically and theoretically rich theory of adaptation. We focus specifically on the inference of adaptation from genomic data and on the study of rapid evolution in real time. The latter include (i) experimental evolution in yeast (adaptation by de novo mutation in well-mixed clonal system), (ii) adaptation on seasonal and ecological time-scales in Drosophila (adaptation from standing variation in a obligately sexual organism), and (iii) tumor initiation, growth, and evolution in experimental mouse model of lung cancer (engineered de novo and spontaneous alterations in a spatially constrained context). These projects utilize a diversity of systems, high throughput and well-powered experimental modalities, and sophisticated and varied analytic frameworks, but they all focus on the overarching need to understand the dynamics of rapid adaptation. Ultimately, we aim to construct a theory of evolutionary adaptation that can naturally account for the patterns of evolution established over long periods of time, which are evident in genomic data, as well as the short-term dynamics of adaptation directly observable in short-term experimental studies of evolution.

项目摘要 适应是生物学的基础概念。我的实验室旨在建立一种经验和理论上丰富的理论 适应。我们专门关注从基因组数据和快速研究的适应性推论 实时进化。后者包括（i）酵母中的实验进化（通过从头突变适应 混合良好的克隆系统），（ii）果蝇中季节性和生态时间尺度的适应 实施性生物的静态变化）以及（iii）肿瘤的启动，生长和实验的进化 肺癌的小鼠模型（从头开始和自发性变化在空间约束中 语境）。这些项目利用各种系统，高通量和功能良好的实验 模式以及复杂和多样化的分析框架，但它们都集中在总体需求上 了解快速适应的动态。最终，我们旨在构建一种进化适应理论 这自然可以说明长期建立的进化模式，这很明显 在基因组数据以及适应的短期动力学中，直接在短期实验中可观察到 进化研究。