Red and Processed Meat Effects on the Metabolome and Microbiome

红肉和加工肉对代谢组和微生物组的影响

• 批准号: 10407996
• 负责人: Marian L Neuhouser
• 金额: $ 22万
• 依托单位: FRED HUTCHINSON CANCER CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-21 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10407996
• 关键词: 2-Amino-1-Methyl-6-Phenylimidazo[4,5-b]pyridine; Address; Adherence; Adult; Affect; American; American Heart Association; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Biological; Biological Markers; Blood; Carcinogens; Cardiovascular Diseases; Chronic Disease; Cohort Studies; Consensus; Consumption; Cross-Sectional Studies; DNA Adducts; Data; Development; Diet; Dietary Practices; Eating; Enrollment; Evaluation; Feasibility Studies; Feces; Fees; Female; Food; Funding; Generations; Genes; Health; Health Professional; Healthy Eating; Heterocyclic Amines; Home; Hour; Human; Institutes; Intake; International Agencies; Link; Lipids; Longitudinal observational study; Malignant Neoplasms; Measures; Meat; Meta-Analysis; Metabolic; Metabolism; Nature; Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetes Mellitus; Outcome Study; Participant; Pathway interactions; Patient Self-Report; Pilot Projects; Population; Processed Meats; Proteins; Publishing; Randomized; Randomized Controlled Trials; Recommendation; Reporting; Research; Research Design; Residual state; Risk; Sampling; Science; Series; Source; Structure; System; Testing; Update; Urine; anticancer research; arm; base; carcinogenicity; cardiovascular disorder risk; cohort; design; dietary; dietary guidelines; digital; feeding; food preparation; good diet; gut microbiome; gut microbiota; high risk; indexing; insight; male; metabolome; metabolomics; microbial; microbiome; nutrition; pilot trial; population health; rRNA Genes; response; stool sample; systematic review; trimethyloxamine

PROJECT SUMMARY Recent controversy has arisen concerning whether frequent intake of red and processed meat can be part of a healthy diet, or whether red and processed meat should be avoided or consumed only in moderation. Consumers and health care professionals are confused by these opposing views and research is needed to definitively guide dietary recommendations. Observational cohorts have found that those who self-report frequent red and processed meat intake have higher risk of several diet-related chronic diseases such as cardiovascular disease, type II diabetes and cancer compared to those with low or no intake of these foods. These findings are valuable, but self-reported diet without biological markers does not advance science towards understanding biological mechanisms. Some cohort studies have reported links between red and processed meat consumption and health related biomarkers such as lipids or food preparation-generated biomarkers such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heterocyclic amines (HAs). However, many of these studies examined the associations of red and processed meat with blood or urine biomarkers in cross- sectional analyses, leaving the possibility for residual confounding and an inability to draw causal inference. Further, often only one pathway or one compound was measured in these studies, limiting insight into multiple pathways affected by red and processed meat consumption. And no studies have tested red and processed meat on systems-wide biomarkers using the metabolome and microbiome. To overcome these evidence gaps we will conduct a rigorous randomized cross-over feeding trial, which is a study design optimally suited for investigating mechanisms linking food intake with metabolic response due to the ability to carefully control food intake. This pilot, controlled feeding trial will enroll 20 heathy adult females and males. Participants will consume two diets, in random order: 1) Diet A is based on the Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) and includes no red or processed meat; 2) Diet B is based on the Healthy Eating Index-2015 and includes red and processed meat (HEI-2015-M) as primary protein sources. Both diet periods last 21 days and a 21-day washout period occurs between diets. All food is prepared in a metabolic kitchen and either picked up by participants or delivered by courier to their homes. Two types of mechanistic biomarkers are outcomes for this study, both reflecting systems-wide readouts: (1) metabolomics; and (2) gut microbiota. Blood, 24-hour urine and stool are collected before and after the experimental diets to test these specific aims: (1) Identify the extent and nature of shifts in the metabolome when consuming a standard HEI-2015 diet compared to a HEI-2015-M diet; and (2) Identify and characterize modulation of the gut microbial community when consuming a standard HEI-2015 diet compared to a HEI-2015-M diet. This pilot trial is expected to provide discovery, mechanistic data on the impact of red and processed meat intake on human metabolism that will be used to design and power a larger randomized controlled trial.

项目摘要 关于频繁摄入红色和加工肉的最新争议是否可以成为 健康的饮食，或者仅适度避免或加工肉。 消费者和医疗保健专业人员对这些相反的观点感到困惑，需要研究 明确指导饮食建议。观察人群发现自我报告的人 频繁的红色和加工肉类摄入量具有多种饮食相关慢性疾病的风险较高，例如 与这些食物摄入低或没有摄入的患者相比，心血管疾病，II型糖尿病和癌症。 这些发现很有价值，但是没有生物标记的自我报告的饮食并不能推进科学 要了解生物学机制。一些队列研究报告了红色和 加工的肉类消耗和与健康相关的生物标志物，例如脂质或食物制备生成 生物标志物，例如多环芳烃（PAHS）和杂环胺（HAS）。但是，很多 在这些研究中，研究了红色和加工的肉与跨性别的血液或尿液生物标志物的关联 分段分析，留下了残留混淆的可能性和无法提出因果推断的可能性。 此外，在这些研究中通常仅测量一种途径或一种化合物，将洞察力限制为多个 受红色和加工肉类消耗影响的途径。没有研究测试红色并处理过 使用代谢组和微生物组的肉在全系统生物标志物上进行肉。克服这些证据差距 我们将进行严格的随机交叉进食试验，这是一项最适合的研究设计 由于能够仔细控制食物的能力，研究将食物摄入与代谢反应联系起来的机制 进气。该试点，受控的喂养试验将招募20名希思成年女性和男性。参与者会 以随机顺序消费两种饮食：1）饮食A基于健康饮食指数-2015（HEI-2015）和 不包括红色或加工的肉； 2）饮食B基于2015年健康饮食指数，包括红色和 加工肉（HEI-2015-m）作为主要蛋白质来源。两个饮食期间，过去21天和21天 饮食之间发生冲洗期。所有食物均在代谢厨房中准备，要么被接送 参与者或由快递员交付给他们的家。两种类型的机械生物标志物是结果 研究，都反映了全系统读数：（1）代谢组学； （2）肠道菌群。血液，尿液24小时 在实验饮食之前和之后收集粪便，以测试这些特定目的：（1）确定程度 与HEI-2015-M相比 饮食; （2）在消耗标准时识别和表征肠道微生物社区的调制 HEI-2015饮食与HEI-2015-m饮食相比。预计该试点试验将提供发现，机械 有关红色和加工肉类摄入对人类代谢的影响的数据，该数据将用于设计和 为更大的随机对照试验供电。