Quantifying How Cocaine Users Respond to Fentanyl Contamination in Cocaine

量化可卡因使用者对可卡因芬太尼污染的反应

• 批准号: 10403871
• 负责人: Niranjan Subhash Karnik
• 金额: $ 3.32万
• 依托单位: RUSH UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10403871
• 关键词: Address; Affect; Automobile Driving; Awareness; Behavior; Characteristics; Clinical Trials Network; Cocaine; Cocaine Users; Communities; Consumption; Data; Data Collection; Development; Drug usage; Education; Ethics; Fentanyl; Funding; Goals; Harm Reduction; Helping to End Addiction Long-term; Individual; Injecting drug user; Intervention; Knowledge; Literature; Measures; Mechanics; Modification; Morphine; National Institute of Drug Abuse; Not Hispanic or Latino; Opioid; Outcome; Overdose; Participant; Perception; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Population; Price; Probability; Professional Education; Protocols documentation; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Safety; Seizures; Surveys; Technology; Testing; Time; Training; Work; addiction; base; behavioral economics; cocaine use; demographics; digital; experience; illicit drug use; illicit opioid; novel; opioid epidemic; opioid misuse; opioid mortality; opioid overdose; opioid use; opioid user; overdose death; overdose prevention; pandemic disease; parent grant; response; substance misuse; synthetic opioid; willingness

PROJECT SUMMARY Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid 50-100 times more potent than morphine that is driving a rise in fatal overdoses across the US. Although fentanyl has long been an issue in illicit opioids, in recent years the increased presence of fentanyl in cocaine has drastically increased cocaine-related overdoses. Even though fentanyl poses a major public health threat to cocaine users, there has been no research quantifying how cocaine users respond to fentanyl adulteration. My long-term goal is to use harm-reduction approaches (e.g., overdose education and drug checking technologies) to address fentanyl-related fatal overdoses among people who use cocaine. The objectives of this proposal are: 1. Use behavioral economics to quantify for the first time how cocaine users respond to fentanyl contamination, by examining how contamination affects cocaine demand 2. Examine which individual characteristics may moderate the relationship between fentanyl adulteration and cocaine demand. Thus, I will develop a novel modification of the Cocaine Purchasing Task, which measures cocaine demand using predictive, “real world” metrics of purchase amounts and prices. In my “Adulterated Cocaine Purchasing Task” (ACPT), cocaine users will indicate how much cocaine they would purchase and at what price under low, medium, high and self-judged “typical” probabilities of fentanyl adulteration. To rapidly develop this measure, I will survey N = 200 self-identified cocaine users on Amazon Mechanical Turk, using my novel ACPT and measures of possible moderators including demographics, baseline fentanyl knowledge, etc. My specific aims are: 1. Determine how fentanyl adulteration affects cocaine demand. My working hypothesis is greater probability of fentanyl adulteration will lower cocaine demand. 2. Determine which individual characteristics moderate the relationship between fentanyl adulteration and cocaine demand. My working hypothesis is greater fentanyl knowledge and more opioid experience will relate to reduced demand for fentanyl adulterated cocaine. Expected outcomes are: 1. A novel measure quantifying how fentanyl adulteration in cocaine impacts behavior of cocaine users 2. Identifying individual characteristics that moderate responses to fentanyl adulteration. 3. Necessary training and preliminary data for an F32 or F99/K00 that will test a harm reduction intervention to decrease demand for fentanyl adulterated cocaine. This diversity supplement to the Great Lakes Nodes of the NIDA Clinical Trials Network (UG1-DA049467, funded under the HEAL Initiative) aligns with Aim 1 (new substance misuse research and intervention protocols), Aim 2 (leveraging digital technologies such as MTurk), Aim 4 (support work on substance and opioid misuse), and Aim 5 (professional education on opioid misuse) of the parent grant, and will provide training in behavioral economics, harm reduction approaches, and rapid online data collection to a trainee from an under- represented background seeking to help marginalized communities affected by addiction.

项目概要 芬太尼是一种合成阿片类药物，其效力比吗啡强 50-100 倍，导致致命过量用药的增加 尽管芬太尼长期以来一直是非法阿片类药物的一个问题，但近年来芬太尼的数量有所增加。 可卡因中芬太尼的存在大大增加了与可卡因相关的过量服用。 对可卡因使用者构成重大公共卫生威胁，但尚无研究量化可卡因使用者如何 应对芬太尼掺假 我的长期目标是使用减少危害的方法（例如过量服用）。 教育和药物检查技术），以解决使用芬太尼的人中与芬太尼相关的致命过量用药问题 该提案的目标是： 1. 首次使用行为经济学来量化可卡因的作用。 可卡因使用者通过研究污染如何影响可卡因需求来应对芬太尼污染 2。 检查哪些个体特征可能调节芬太尼掺假与 因此，我将对可卡因采购任务进行新的修改，用于衡量可卡因需求。 在我的“掺假”中，可卡因需求使用预测性的“现实世界”购买量和价格指标。 可卡因购买任务”（ACPT），可卡因使用者将表明他们将购买多少可卡因以及在 芬太尼掺假的低、中、高和自我判断的“典型”概率下的价格是多少？ 制定这项措施后，我将在 Amazon Mechanical Turk 上调查 N = 200 名自我认定的可卡因使用者，使用 我新颖的 ACPT 和可能的调节因素的测量，包括人口统计、芬太尼基线知识、 我的具体目标是： 1. 确定芬太尼掺假如何影响我的工作需求。 假设芬太尼掺假的可能性较大会降低可卡因需求 2. 确定哪一个。 个体特征调节芬太尼掺假与可卡因之间的关系 我的工作假设是更多的芬太尼知识和更多的阿片类药物经验将与之相关。 减少对芬太尼掺假可卡因的需求 预期成果是： 1. 一种新的量化措施。 可卡因中芬太尼掺假如何影响可卡因使用者的行为 2. 识别个人特征 缓和对芬太尼掺假的反应 3. F32 或 F32 的必要培训和初步数据。 F99/K00 将测试减少伤害干预措施，以减少对芬太尼掺假可卡因的需求。 NIDA 临床试验网络五大湖节点的多样性补充（UG1-DA049467，资助 HEAL Initiative 下）与目标 1（新物质滥用研究和干预方案）一致，目标 2（利用 MTurk 等数字技术）、目标 4（支持打击药物和阿片类药物滥用的工作）以及 家长补助金的目标 5（有关阿片类药物滥用的专业教育），并将提供行为行为培训 经济学、减少危害方法以及向受训者快速收集数据 代表了寻求帮助受成瘾影响的边缘化社区的背景。