The Salton Sea and Children's Health: Assessing Imperial Valley Respiratory Health and the Environment

索尔顿海和儿童健康：评估帝王谷呼吸健康和环境

• 批准号: 10381982
• 负责人: Shohreh F Farzan
• 金额: $ 14.77万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-15 至 2023-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10381982
• 关键词: Acute; Address; Affect; Agriculture; Air; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Aromatic Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Asthma; Biomass; Burn injury; California; Chemicals; Child; Child Health; Childhood; Chronic; Cities; Color; Communities; Complex; County; Data; Diagnosis; Emergency department visit; Environment; Environmental Health; Environmental Wind; Event; Exposure to; Goals; Harvest; Health; Health Hazards; Hospitalization; Human; Impairment; Incidence; Left; Link; Literature; Low income; Lung diseases; Mexican Americans; Modeling; Monitor; Nitrogen Dioxide; Particulate Matter; Population; Poverty; Prevalence; Public Health; Records; Research; Respiratory Signs and Symptoms; Rural Community; School-Age Population; Sea; Smoke; Source; Symptoms; Toxicant exposure; Tracer; United States; Wildfire; Work; air monitoring; asthma exacerbation; base; coarse particles; cohort; community living; elementary school; epidemiology study; fine particles; health assessment; novel; pediatric emergency; pollutant; prospective; pulmonary function; respiratory health; response; rural area; spatial temporal variation

PROJECT SUMMARY Open burning of agricultural fields to remove crop residue left after harvesting remains a common agricultural practice and an underappreciated source of air pollution exposure worldwide. Globally, agricultural burning is widespread and accounts for nearly half as much biomass burned as wildfires. Across the continental US, agricultural burning amounts to an estimated ~3-5.8 million acres burned annually and approximately 15.5 million people within the US are affected by crop burning and related smoke exposures. While prior research has identified adverse health impacts from wildfire events and domestic biomass burning, there is a paucity of research on the specific impact of agricultural burning on health in US populations, despite evidence that it is a widespread practice associated with release of toxic air pollutants. As part of our current work in Imperial County, we have focused on understanding the links between air quality and local sources of particulate matter (PM) exposure with children’s respiratory health. We established the “Assessing Imperial Valley Respiratory Health and the Environment (AIRE) cohort (MPI Farzan/Johnston 1R01ES029598), a cohort of 550 school-age children with repeated respiratory health assessments. The overall goal of the AIRE study is to develop a community- academic partnership to determine the health effects of childhood exposures to wind-blown PM and inform public health action in the Imperial Valley. In response to growing community concerns to explore the impacts of complex air pollution mixtures in the regions, we propose to integrate exposure metrics on agricultural burning in Imperial Valley into our assessment of children’s respiratory health in the AIRE study. Using a novel community monitoring network together with filter-based PM monitoring, we will estimate contributions of daily agricultural burn activity to PM concentrations. This exposure data will be leveraged in the larger epidemiological study to assess the association between agricultural burning and children’s respiratory health symptoms. Our study aims to: 1) Quantify children’s PM exposures through the characterization of spatial and temporal variations in agricultural burning in AIRE communities from 2008-2021, by examining the relationship between agricultural burning records with ambient PM concentrations and composition by leveraging an existing community-based air monitoring network and by developing a source-apportionment model using hallmarks of agricultural burning; and 2) Assess the relationship between agricultural burning and children’s respiratory health to exposure whether exposure to agricultural burning is associated with asthma incidence and exacerbations, respiratory symptoms and lung function in the established elementary school-aged AIRE cohort. The proposed work will incorporate agricultural burning exposures that may impact air quality and children’s health, allowing us to more fully discriminate between local PM sources and enhancing the capacity of the Imperial Valley community to address the environmental and public health impacts due to air pollution.

项目摘要 开放燃烧农田以去除收获后留下的农作物住所仍然是一个普遍的农业 练习和全世界空气污染的潜在来源。在全球，农业燃烧是 宽度且占生物量的一半被燃烧的一半与野火一样。整个美国大陆， 农业燃烧量估计约为3-580万英亩，每年燃烧约1550万英亩 美国境内的人们受到农作物燃烧和相关烟雾暴露的影响。虽然先前的研究已经 发现了野火事件和国内生物质燃烧的不良健康影响，很少 关于美国人口中农业燃烧对健康的特定影响的研究，使命证明这是一个 与释放有毒空气污染物有关的宽度实践。作为我们目前在帝国县工作的一部分 我们专注于理解空气质量与特定物质当地来源之间的联系（PM） 儿童呼吸健康的暴露。我们建立了“评估帝国谷呼吸健康状况 和环境（AIR）队列（MPI Farzan/Johnston 1R01ES029598），由550名学龄儿童组成 进行反复的呼吸健康评估。 AIR研究的总体目标是建立一个社区 - 学术合作伙伴关系，以确定儿童期暴露于风能的健康状况并告知公众的健康影响 帝国谷的健康行动。回应不断增长的社区关注以探索的影响 复杂的空气污染混合在该地区，我们建议将暴露指标整合在农业燃烧方面 在帝国山谷中，我们在AIR研究中评估了儿童呼吸健康的评估。使用一个新颖的社区 监视网络以及基于过滤器的PM监控，我们将估计每日农业的贡献 燃烧活性到PM浓度。这些暴露数据将在更大的流行病学研究中利用 评估农业燃烧与儿童呼吸健康症状之间的关联。我们的研究目标 至：1）通过表征空间和临时变化来量化儿童的PM暴露 从2008 - 2021年开始，AIRE社区的农业燃烧，检查农业之间的关系 通过利用现有基于社区的现有的环境PM浓度和组成的燃烧记录 空气监测网络并通过使用农业燃烧的标志开发来源采取模型； 2）评估农业燃烧与儿童呼吸健康与暴露之间的关系 暴露于农业燃烧与哮喘事件和加剧，呼吸道症状有关 和肺部功能在已建立的小学艾尔同伙中。拟议的工作将纳入 可能影响空气质量和儿童健康的农业燃烧暴露，使我们更加充分 区分本地PM来源，并增强帝国谷社区的能力 由于空气污染，环境和公共卫生会影响。