Project 2: Maternal Exposure to Environmental and Psychosocial Stressors and Cardiovascular Risks after Pregnancy

项目 2：母亲怀孕后暴露于环境和心理社会压力以及心血管风险

• 批准号: 10221960
• 负责人: Shohreh F Farzan
• 金额: $ 26.43万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2025-03-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10221960
• 关键词: Acculturation; Air Pollutants; Air Pollution; Birth; Blood Pressure; Body mass index; California; Cardiovascular Diseases; Cardiovascular system; Caring; Chronic; Chronic Disease; Communities; Country; Data; Development; Disease; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Exposure; Environmental Risk Factor; Epigenetic Process; Exposure to; Fetus; Gene Targeting; Gestational Diabetes; Glucose Intolerance; Glycosylated Hemoglobin; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Health; Hispanics; Homeostasis; Hypertension; Inflammation; Language; Light; Link; Lipids; Maternal Exposure; Maternal Health; Mediating; MicroRNAs; Minority Groups; Modification; Mothers; Pathway interactions; Physiological Adaptation; Population; Postpartum Period; Pre-Eclampsia; Predisposition; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications; Prevalence; Prevention; Psychosocial Stress; Research; Risk; Risk Factors; Role; Testing; Urban Community; Waist-Hip Ratio; Woman; Women' s Health; Work; ambient air pollution; blood lipid; cardiovascular disorder risk; cardiovascular effects; cardiovascular health; cardiovascular risk factor; cohort; environmental stressor; experience; follow-up; gestational weight gain; health disparity populations; postpartum care; preference; prenatal; prenatal environmental exposure; prenatal exposure; prepregnancy; prospective; psychosocial stressors; social; social stressor; sociodemographics; socioeconomic disadvantage; stressor; virtual

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT—PROJECT 2 The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has continued to climb among US women, despite greater prevention efforts. Pregnancy may provide an understudied window into a woman’s long-term cardiovascular health. Normal physiological adaptations to support a fetus can act as a stressor on a woman’s body, potentially uncovering or exacerbating underlying chronic conditions. Cardiovascular-related complications, such as preeclampsia and hypertension, may have persistent effects into the postpartum period and have been related to elevated CVD risk in later life. Moreover, environmental exposures such as air pollution have been associated with altered maternal blood pressure and lipid homeostasis, while psychosocial stressors may independently influence maternal health by increasing inflammation and risk of prenatal hypertensive disorders. Efforts to understand the roles of both the environment and psychosocial stress in prenatal cardiovascular complications and long-term maternal health risks may be most critical among health disparity populations living in urban communities, who disproportionately experience the combined impacts of multiple social, physical, and environmental stressors that may exacerbate health risks. Despite growing evidence of the impact of such exposures on maternal cardiovascular health during pregnancy, there is little to no research available on whether environmental exposures and social stressors during the prenatal period may enhance a mother’s cardiovascular risk in the postpartum period and into later life, particularly in minority populations. Even less is known about the mechanisms underlying these effects in the postpartum context, but recent studies support a key role for miRNAs in both pregnancy and in risk of CVD and suggest that these epigenetic regulators can be modulated by environmental exposures. We propose to investigate whether prenatal traffic-related and ambient air pollution exposures increase maternal postpartum cardiovascular effects in 500 women in the MADRES cohort, a prospective pregnancy cohort of predominantly Hispanic, socioeconomically-disadvantaged women. We will accomplish this by the following specific aims: (1) investigate the impact of air pollutants and social stressors during pregnancy on trajectories of cardiovascular risk factors in the first four years postpartum and examine whether these effects vary by pregnancy-related complications and acculturation factors; and (2) determine the role of cardiovascular-related miRNA in prenatal air pollution-related associations in cardiovascular health trajectories in the first four years postpartum, and test whether they mediate these associations and examine their functional relevance. These results may shed light on the contribution of environmental and social stressors to CVD risk factors in the postpartum period and could be critical for identifying women at greater risk of developing chronic disease in later life.

项目摘要/摘要 - 项目2 心血管疾病（CVD）的患病率一直在美国女性中攀升 更大的预防努力。怀孕可能会为女性长期提供理解的窗口 心血管健康。正常的身体适应以支持胎儿可以充当女人的压力源 身体，潜在地揭示或加剧了慢性疾病的潜在条件。心血管相关 并发症，例如先兆子痫和高血压，可能对产后时期产生持续的影响 并且与以后的CVD风险升高有关。此外，环境暴露，例如空气污染 与遗产血压和脂质稳态的改变有关，而心理压力源 可以通过增加感染和产前高血压的风险来独立影响母校健康 疾病。努力了解环境和社会心理压力在产前 在健康差异中，心血管并发症和长期孕产妇健康风险可能最为重要 生活在城市社区中的人群，他们不成比例地体验多个的综合影响 可能加剧健康风险的社会，身体和环境压力源。尽管有越来越多的证据 这种暴露在怀孕期间对孕产妇心血管健康的影响，几乎没有研究 可用于有关在产前期间环境暴露和社会压力源是否可以增强 母亲的心血管风险在产后和以后的生活中，尤其是在少数民族中。甚至 关于这些在产后背景下这些作用的机制知之甚少，但是最近的研究 支持miRNA在怀孕和CVD风险中的关键作用，并建议这些表观遗传调节剂 可以通过环境暴露来调节。我们建议调查产前交通相关的以及 环境空气污染暴露增加了在500名女性的产后心血管产后心血管效应 Madres队列，一支前瞻性怀孕，主要是西班牙裔，社会经济上的待遇 女性。我们将通过以下具体目的来实现这一点：（1）调查空气污染物和 在产后头四年中，怀孕期间的社会压力源对心血管危险因素的轨迹 并检查这些影响是否因妊娠相关并发症和培养因素而有所不同； （2） 确定与心血管相关的miRNA在产前空气污染相关关联中的作用 产后最初四年的心血管健康轨迹，并测试它们是否介导这些 关联并检查其功能相关性。这些结果可能会阐明 产后时期对CVD风险因素的环境和社会压力源，对于 确定妇女在以后的生活中患慢性疾病的风险更大。