Pathways and Processes to Co-occurring Obesity and Tobacco Use in Emerging Adults

新兴成年人同时发生肥胖和吸烟的途径和过程

• 批准号: 10377448
• 负责人: Haydee Isabella Lanza
• 金额: $ 11.06万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY LONG BEACH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10377448
• 关键词: Address; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Biological Models; California; Chronic; Climacteric; Data; Development; Dimensions; Eating Behavior; Electronic cigarette; Employment; Enrollment; Esthesia; Ethnic Origin; Gender; Growth; Health; Healthcare Systems; High Prevalence; Impulsivity; Informal Social Control; Intervention; Learning; Link; Literature; Longevity; Mental Depression; Methods; Modeling; Neurocognitive; Obesity; Participant; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Persons; Physical activity; Play; Population; Prevalence; Prevention; Probability Samples; Process; Public Health; Reporting; Research; Rewards; Risk; Role; Sampling; Self Management; Self-control as a personality trait; Social Behavior; Stress and Coping; Students; Surveys; System; Tobacco use; Universities; Weight; Work; binge drinking; biobehavior; cigarette smoking; college; critical period; deviant peer; emerging adult; emerging adulthood; follow-up; marijuana use; nutrition; perceived stress; psychologic; psychosocial; psychosocial adjustment; public health relevance; recruit; social; social anxiety; social exclusion; social relationships; social stigma; stressor; substance use; theories; undergraduate student; vaping; vapor; young adult

Abstract Obesity and tobacco use among adolescents and young adults remain two of the most pressing public health concerns in the U.S.; both are linked to pervasive declines across health domains. The transition from adolescence to young adulthood – emerging adulthood - presents a critical period for examining these health- risks; problematic substance use often emerges during this developmental stage and obesity status during this period is predictive of chronic obesity. Research on co-occurring obesity and substance use points to a strong link between obesity and tobacco use; however, the pathways and processes underlying this co-occurrence are unclear. Furthermore, it is unknown whether links between obesity and tobacco use extend to e- cigarette/vaping use, which has surged in popularity in the past decade. The current study seeks to identify developmental pathways and risk processes to co-occurring obesity and tobacco use (cigarette smoking, e- cigarette/vaping use) during emerging adulthood. The study aims to collect longitudinal health-risk survey data (five timepoints over two years) from a probability sample of N = 1,450 young adults (18-24 years) enrolled as undergraduates at California State University, Long Beach (CSULB). Participants will be recruited from randomly sampled classes and asked to complete five online surveys over a two-year period. The survey includes questions on weight status, nutrition, physical activity, self-regulation, social relationships, psychosocial adjustment, and substance use. Given that the transition from adolescence to young adulthood is characterized by significant life changes, along with neurocognitive and socio-emotional challenges, key aspects of Steinberg’s Dual-Systems Model, Rimal and Real’s Theory of Normative Social Behavior, and Lazarus and Folkman’s Transactional Model of Stress and Coping frame the study’s conceptual model. Key study aims include: (1) determine the extent to which obesity and tobacco use co-occur during emerging adulthood and identify the pathways (obesity → tobacco use; tobacco use → obesity) to co-occurrence; (2) identify processes underlying co-occurring obesity and tobacco use, including biobehavioral (impulsivity, sensation-seeking), socio-contextual (social acceptance, weight stigma, deviant peer affiliation), and psychosocial (depression, social anxiety, perceived stress) components; and (3) evaluate whether obese emerging adults from specific ethnic/gender groups are at higher or lower risk of engaging in cigarette smoking and/or e-cigarette/vaping use. As both obesity and tobacco use place severe burdens on the health care system, identifying pathways and processes by which obesity is related to tobacco use in emerging adulthood is likely to have significant implications for prevention and intervention efforts aimed at mitigating co-occurring health-risks earlier in the lifespan.

抽象的 青少年和年轻人中肥胖和烟草的使用仍然是公共卫生最紧迫的两个 美国的关注；两者都与整个健康领域的普遍下降有关。从 青少年至年轻人 - 成年 - 为检查这些健康的关键时期 风险；在此发育阶段和肥胖状态中，有问题的物质使用通常会出现 时期可以预测慢性肥胖。关于同时发生的肥胖和物质使用点的研究 肥胖和烟草使用之间的联系；但是，这种共同出现的途径和过程 不清楚。此外，未知肥胖和烟草使用之间的联系是否扩展到E- 在过去十年中，香烟/蒸发的用途迅速流行。当前的研究试图确定 共同出现的肥胖和烟草使用的发育途径和风险过程（吸烟，E- 在成年期间，香烟/蒸气使用）。该研究旨在收集纵向健康风险调查数据 （两年内五个时间点）来自n = 1,450名年轻人（18-24岁）的概率样本AS 长滩（CSULB）的加利福尼亚州立大学的大学生。参与者将从 随机抽样课程，并要求在两年期间完成五项在线调查。调查 包括有关体重状况，营养，体育锻炼，自我调节，社会关系的问题 社会心理调整和药物使用。鉴于从青少年到成年的过渡是 主要改变生活以及神经认知和社会情感挑战的特征 Steinberg的双层系统模型，Rimal和Real的规范社会行为理论以及 Lazarus和Folkman的压力和应对交易模型构成了研究的概念模型。钥匙 研究目的包括：（1）确定新兴过程中肥胖和烟草同时发生使用的程度 成年并确定途径（肥胖→烟草使用；烟草使用→肥胖）共同出现； （2） 确定肥胖和烟草使用的基础过程，包括生物行为（冲动性， 寻求感觉），社会上下文（社会接受，体重污名，异常同伴会员）和 社会心理（抑郁，社交焦虑，感知压力）成分； （3）评估是否肥胖 来自特定种族/性别群体的新兴成年人的吸烟风险较高或更低 和/或电子烟/蒸发使用。由于肥胖和烟草使用都将严重的伯伦斯放在医疗保健上 系统，识别肥胖与新兴成年中烟草使用相关的途径和过程 可能对旨在减轻同时发生的预防和干预工作具有重要意义 健康风险在寿命的早期。