Function of high-level visual cortex in awake infants.

清醒婴儿高级视觉皮层的功能。

基本信息

批准号：
10319402
负责人：
Heather Lynne Kosakowski
金额：
$ 4.45万
依托单位：
MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-01 至 2022-05-26
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10319402
关键词：
Address Adult Architecture Area Automobile Driving Award Brain Categories Collaborations Communities Complex Computer Models Data Development Environment Face Frequencies Goals Human Infant Institution Language Learning Left Location Machine Learning Magnetic Resonance Magnetic Resonance Imaging Maps Measurement Medial Mentorship Methods Mind Modeling Modernization Morphologic artifacts Motion Motivation Neural Network Simulation Neurosciences Newborn Infant Pattern Phase Population Prefrontal Cortex Research Research Personnel Research Project Grants Scanning Social Desirability Social support Stimulus Sum Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Time Training Visual Visual Cortex Visual system structure Work artificial neural network awake cognitive neuroscience computational neuroscience computing resources design experience extrastriate extrastriate visual cortex fusiform face area improved inattention infancy innovation insight learning algorithm learning community model design object recognition organizational structure post-doctoral training pre-doctoral programs response social cognition social engagement technological innovation theories tool vision development

项目摘要

Project Summary Functional magnetic resonance imagining (fMRI) has revealed two major principles of the functional organization of the ventral temporal cortex (VTC) in human adults. First, some regions of VTC respond selectively to a specific category of stimuli, such as the fusiform face area (FFA) which responds more to faces than to any other stimulus category. The second principle of organization is that different categories of stimuli have systematically distinct patterns of response across the entire VTC. How do these two key aspects of VTC functional organization in adults arise in development? The goal of my research program is to discover if these organizing principles are present in the infant brain (Aims 1 and 2) and design computational models to test different theories of cortical development (Aim 3). The dissertation work in this proposal will provide invaluable data toward the goal of refining theories of cortical development. In addition to innovations that enhance the quality of awake infant fMRI data, Aim 1 provides the first evidence that like adults, infants have face-selective responses in the FFA, scene-selective responses in the parahippocampal place area (PPA), and body-selective responses in the extrastriate body area (EBA). Aim 2 directly follows this up by asking if infants have systematically distinct patterns of response across higher- level visual areas that are similar to those found in the adult brain. The F99 phase of this proposal will provide training to optimize machine learning (ML) techniques that can withstand the unique challenges of infant fMRI data – specifically unbalanced and missing data. The F99 phase will be conducted at MIT, an intellectual environment with access to leaders in the fields of ML, cognitive neuroscience, and computational neuroscience. Finally, Aim 3 of this proposal is to build computational models designed to test current theories of cortical development. The K00 phase of this proposal will provide training on the design and implementation of artificial neural networks (ANNs) models as well as training on the best methods to test ANN models using infant fMRI data. Research for the K00 phase will provide a new mentorship experience with an established investigator in computational neuroscience and will take place at an institution with a thriving intellectual environment that has access to an MRI scanner and the computational resources necessary to build a variety of ANN models. In summary, the objective of the proposed research is to determine if the principles of functional organization in the adult brain are present in infants. Insights from this proposal will advance and refine theories of cortical development and have the potential to be applicable to other domains such audition and language. Further, by combining my predoctoral training in awake infant fMRI with my proposed postdoctoral training in computational modeling, the proposed research will enable me to become an independent investigator and leader in the field of computational developmental neuroscience.

项目摘要功能磁共振想象力（fMRI）揭示了功能组织的两个主要原理人类成年人的腹侧临时皮层（VTC）首先，VTC的某些区域对特定刺激类别的类别，例如梭形面积（FFA），其对面的反应更多，而不是其他刺激类别。组织的第二个原则是，不同类别的刺激具有系统上不同的整个VTC的响应模式。 VTC功能组织的这两个关键方面如何成人出现在发展中？我的研究计划的目的是发现这些组织原则是否存在于婴儿大脑（目标1和2）和设计计算模型以测试皮质的不同理论开发（目标3）。本提案中的论文工作将提供宝贵的数据，以完善皮质理论发展。除了提高清醒婴儿fMRI数据质量的创新外，AIM 1提供了第一个证据表明，像成年人一样，婴儿在FFA中具有面部选择性反应，场景选择反应 parahampocampal位置区域（PPA）和体外身体区域（EBA）的身体选择反应。 AIM 2通过询问婴儿是否具有较高较高的响应模式，直接遵循这一点与成人大脑相似的视觉区域。该提案的F99阶段将提供培训以优化机器学习（ML）技术，可以承受婴儿fMRI的独特挑战数据 - 特别是不平衡和缺失的数据。 F99阶段将在麻省理工学院（MIT）进行在ML，认知神经科学和计算神经科学领域获得领导者的环境。最后，该提案的目标3是建立旨在测试皮质当前理论的计算模型发展。该提案的K00阶段将提供有关人工设计和实施的培训神经网络（ANN）模型以及使用婴儿fMRI测试ANN模型的最佳方法培训数据。 K00阶段的研究将为一位既定的研究者提供新的精通经验计算神经科学将在一个具有繁荣的知识环境的机构中进行访问MRI扫描仪和建立各种ANN模型所需的计算资源。总而言之，拟议研究的目的是确定功能组织的原理是否在成人大脑存在于婴儿中。该建议的见解将提高和完善皮质理论开发并有可能适用于其他域名和语言。此外，将我在清醒婴儿fMRI中的专业培训与我提议的计算博士后培训相结合建模，拟议的研究将使我成为该领域的独立研究者和领导者计算发育神经科学。