Neural processes of speech planning

言语规划的神经过程

• 批准号: 10202553
• 负责人: Ayoub Daliri
• 金额: $ 14.5万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-03 至 2023-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10202553
• 关键词: Acoustics; Adult; Auditory; Auditory system; Characteristics; Childhood; Clinical; Data; Detection; Development; Electroencephalography; Electrophysiology (science); Event; Foundations; Frequencies; Individual; Knowledge; Lead; Learning; Link; Masks; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Monitor; Motor; Movement; Neuraxis; Neurobiology; Noise; Process; Production; Reporting; Research; Sensory; Speech; Speech Acoustics; Speech Disorders; Speech Sound; Stimulus; Stuttering; System; Techniques; Testing; Time; Training; auditory feedback; base; follow-up; innovation; neurofeedback; neuromechanism; novel therapeutics; programs; relating to nervous system; response; sound; speech accuracy; theories

PROJECT SUMMARY The central nervous system (CNS) closely monitors auditory feedback during speech production. This monitoring process is critical for learning to produce speech and maintaining the speech production system. Moreover, stuttering and several speech disorders are associated with deficits in monitoring. Thus, understanding neural mechanisms of speech monitoring is critical for development and refinement of theories of speech production and stuttering, as well as, for development of theory-driven treatments. Current models of speech have focused entirely on monitoring processes during speech production and do not explain if and how the CNS optimizes the auditory system prior to speech initiation for speech monitoring. Such modulatory mechanisms are especially fundamental to the understanding of stuttering, as most stuttering events occur on the initial sound/syllable of words, highlighting deficient preparatory mechanisms in stuttering individuals. This program of research aims at elucidating predictive modulatory mechanisms occurring before speech initiation. We hypothesize that the CNS uses an active process in which motor predictions optimally adjust the auditory system prior to speech initiation for effective speech monitoring. By combining electroencephalography (EEG) and speech acoustics in the context of innovative experimental paradigms, we propose a program of research to study three main aspects of the phenomenon of pre-speech modulation that will have immediate theoretical and long-term clinical implications. The proposed studies will a) substantially expand our knowledge of predictive mechanisms that optimize speech monitoring, and b) inform theories of speech production by providing a (currently missing) account of how the CNS optimizes the auditory system to accomplish effective speech monitoring. Importantly, given our previous reports of lack of pre-speech modulation in individuals who stutter, this program of research will provide a strong foundation for a follow-up R01 proposal to examine contributions of pre-speech sensory modulation in neurobiological bases of stuttering. Finally, our findings will pave the way for completely novel therapeutics techniques (e.g., neuro-feedback training and noninvasive neuro-stimulation) that specifically target pre-speech modulation as a promising neural target.

项目摘要 中枢神经系统（CNS）在语音生产过程中密切监视听觉反馈。这 监视过程对于学习产生语音和维护语音生产系统至关重要。 此外，口吃和几种语音障碍与监视的缺陷有关。因此， 了解语音监测的神经机制对于理论的发展和完善至关重要 言语生产和口吃，以及理论驱动的治疗的发展。当前的模型 语音完全集中于在语音生产过程中监视过程，并不解释是否以及如何 CNS在语音启动之前优化听觉系统以进行语音监视。这样的调节 机制特别是对口吃的理解，因为大多数口吃事件发生在 单词的最初声音/音节突出了口吃个体中缺乏的准备机制。这 研究计划旨在阐明语音启动之前发生的预测调节机制。 我们假设中枢神经系统使用了一个主动过程，其中电机预测最佳地调整了听觉 在语音启动之前进行有效语音监控的系统。通过结合脑电图（EEG） 以及在创新实验范式的背景下的言语声学，我们提出了一项研究计划 研究言论前调制现象的三个主要方面，这些现象将立即具有理论 和长期临床意义。拟议的研究将a）大大扩展我们对 优化语音监控的预测机制，b）通过 提供CNS如何优化听觉系统以实现有效的（当前缺少）的帐户 语音监控。重要的是，鉴于我们以前关于个人缺乏言语调制的报道 口吃，这项研究计划将为后续R01提案提供坚实的基础，以检查 口吃神经生物学基础中语音感觉调节的贡献。最后，我们的发现将 为完全新颖的治疗技术铺平道路（例如，神经反馈训练和无创 神经刺激）专门针对语音调制作为有希望的神经目标。