The Origins of Preadolescent Risk for Psychiatric Disorders in Early Childhood Brain Development

儿童早期大脑发育中青春期前精神疾病风险的根源

基本信息

批准号：
10176261
负责人：
JOHN Horace GILMORE
金额：
$ 67.5万
依托单位：
UNIV OF NORTH CAROLINA CHAPEL HILL
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-07-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10176261
关键词：
10 year old 6 year old Address Adolescent Adult Age Amygdaloid structure Anisotropy Anterior Anxiety Area Attention Behavior Behavior assessment Behavioral Biological Markers Birth Brain Child Childhood Cognitive Development Diffusion Dorsal Early Intervention Enrollment Functional Imaging Globus Pallidus Goals Hippocampus (Brain)Human Image Individual Differences Inferior Insula of Reil Intervention Knowledge Lateral Longitudinal Studies Longitudinal cohort Magnetic Resonance Imaging Medial Mental disorders Modeling National Institute of Mental Health Neurocognitive Outcome Phase Phenotype Prefrontal Cortex Reporting Research Research Domain Criteria Rest Risk Risk Behaviors School-Age Population Severity of illness Structure Structure-Activity Relationship Subgroup Surface Symptoms Testing Thalamic structure Thick age group base behavioral outcome brain abnormalities cognitive development cohort disorder risk early childhood executive function experience gray matter improved improved functioning individual variation innovation postnatal development preadolescence prenatal prevent trait white matter

项目摘要

Abstract It has been hypothesized for years that most psychiatric disorders are the result of abnormal trajectories of early childhood brain development and a major priority for NIMH is to better understand how risk for psychiatric disorders unfold in childhood, to inform early intervention strategies that prevent or mitigate risk and illness severity. The UNC Early Brain Development Study is a longitudinal study that has followed children, enrolled prenatally, with imaging and developmental assessments at birth and at ages 1, 2 4, and 6 years. Children from this cohort are now reaching pre-adolescence, a period in which cognitive and behavioral abnormalities associated with psychiatric disease, including executive function, attention, and anxiety, are emerging. Very little is currently known about the relationship between brain structure and development and risk phenotypes in pre-adolescence; this represents is a major gap in our knowledge and a critical need for study. We propose to follow 446 children in our longitudinal cohort at ages 8 and 10 years of age. MRIs, including structural, diffusion tensor, and resting state functional imaging, will be performed. Cognitive development and behavioral development will be assessed, with a focus on the phenotypes of executive function, attention, and anxiety, consistent with RDoC constructs and important for psychiatric disorder risk. Knowledge gained in this study will improve our basic understanding of human brain development in childhood, allow us to delineate childhood predictors of risk phenotypes in late childhood, and ultimately help target periods of childhood development for early intervention. Relevance New knowledge gained in this study will provide a dramatically improved framework for understanding childhood brain development and its relationship to cognitive and behavioral outcomes in late childhood, and to risk for subsequent psychiatric disorders.

抽象的多年来，已经假设大多数精神疾病是异常的结果儿童早期大脑发育的轨迹和NIMH的主要优先事项是更好了解童年时期的精神疾病风险如何，告知早期干预预防或减轻风险和疾病严重程度的策略。 UNC早期大脑发育研究是一项纵向研究，跟随儿童，产前注册，成像和出生时和1、2 4和6岁的发育评估。来自这个队列的孩子现在已经达到青春期前，在一个认知和行为异常的时期与精神疾病有关，包括执行功能，注意力和焦虑，是新兴。目前，关于大脑结构与青春期前的发展和风险表型；这代表是我们的主要差距知识和至关重要的学习需求。我们建议在8岁和10岁的纵向队列中关注446名儿童。将执行MRI，包括结构，扩散张量和静止状态功能成像。认知发展和行为发展将被评估，重点是执行功能，注意力和焦虑的表型与RDOC结构一致对于精神障碍风险很重要。在这项研究中获得的知识将改善我们的基本了解童年时代人脑发育，让我们描绘童年童年后期风险表型的预测因素，最终有助于目标时期开发早期干预。关联在这项研究中获得的新知识将为大大改进的框架了解儿童大脑的发展及其与认知和行为的关系童年后期的结果，并冒着随后的精神疾病的风险。