Identification of Critical Thermal Environments for Aged Adults

老年人关键热环境的识别

• 批准号: 10161701
• 负责人: W. LARRY KENNEY
• 金额: $ 74.24万
• 依托单位: PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-15 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10161701
• 关键词: Address; Adult; Age; Aging; Air Movements; Aspirin; Australia; Biophysics; Blood Platelets; Blood flow; Cardiac; Cardiovascular system; Communication; Cross-Sectional Studies; Data; Dose; Elderly; Environment; Environmental Hazards; Environmental Wind; Equilibrium; European Union; Event; Frequencies; Goals; Health; Heat Losses; Heat Stress Disorders; Heat Waves; Human; Humidity; Hydration status; Impairment; Individual; Intervention; Laboratories; Literature; Military Personnel; Modeling; Outcome; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Physiologic Thermoregulation; Physiological; Physiology; Platelet Inhibitors; Plavix; Policies; Population; Primary Prevention; Psychometrics; Recording of previous events; Reproducibility; Research; Risk; Safety; Secondary Prevention; Series; Severities; Skin; Solar Energy; Sweating; Temperature; Testing; Triage; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; age effect; age related; aged; aging population; base; biophysical techniques; climate adaptation; climate change; clinically relevant; clopidogrel; cohort; environmental change; evidence base; experience; extreme weather; human old age (65+); innovation; men; older men; older women; predicting response; response; success

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This proposal directly addresses, in a uniquely innovative and direct approach, the stated goal of FAO PAR-19- 250: To better understand “exposure of the older person to changing environmental hazards in their daily environment that raises their risks”. Men and women over the age of 65 are the most vulnerable population during severe environmental heat events. While we know a lot about age-related declines in physiological responses to environmental heat stress, there are key critical gaps in our understanding of the impact of extreme weather on aging human populations as well as in ways to positively intervene. The present project adds practical information: 1) by determining the integrated thermoregulatory response of men and women over the age of 65 yrs to a wide variety of adverse environments and 2) by identifying the specific environments that have significant adverse impact on older adults. The research approach will yield directly translatable results that can be used for evidence-based alert communication, policy decisions, triage for impending heat events, and implementation of other safety interventions. We will test the global hypothesis that aging will shift critical environmental limits to a narrower range of safe environments across the psychometric spectrum (encompassing warm-humid to hot-dry environments). The present proposal logically builds on our 30-year body of mechanistic research on thermoregulation and aging and our experience in executing this unique research paradigm. In Specific Aim 1 we propose to identify those environmental limits above which age-related physiological changes cause uncompensable heat stress, resulting in heat storage and increasing the risk of heat illness. As appropriate based on the data, distinct psychrometric limits will be derived for older men and older women. We hypothesize that aging will decrease critical environmental heat balance limits, particularly in warm-dry environments due to impairments in sweating mechanisms. In Specific Aim 2 we will calculate critical evaporative coefficients and wet-bulb globe temperature isotherms that can be used to predict environmental conditions that are uncompensable, and therefore increase health risks for older men and women. These coefficients can subsequently be used to predict responses of older adults to a wider set of environmental parameters (solar load, wind, etc.). Finally, we propose one additional exploratory Aim. Our laboratory has identified additional detrimental effects of over-the-counter and commonly prescribed platelet inhibitors on thermoregulation in older men and women. We have previously described how aspirin (ASA) and prescription platelet inhibitors (clopidogrel; Plavix®) further accelerate the rise in body core temperature in warm environmental conditions and impairs heat loss mechanisms. Therefore, we propose to also determine the effects of ASA on age-specific critical environmental limits, hypothesizing that these drugs will further decrease the critical environmental heat balance limits, particularly in hot humid conditions due to impairments in dry heat loss mechanisms (Specific Aim 3).

项目摘要/摘要 该提案以独特的创新和直接的方法直接解决了粮农组织Par-19-的既定目标 250：更好地理解“老年人暴露于每天改变环境危害 增加风险的环境”。65岁以上的男人和女人是最脆弱的人口 在严重的环境热事件中。尽管我们对与年龄相关的生理学下降有很多了解 对环境热应激的反应，我们对我们对影响的影响的关键差距有关键的差距 人口老龄化的极端天气以及积极干预的方式。本项目 添加实用信息：1）确定男性和女性的综合体温调节反应 超过65岁以上到各种不良环境，2）通过识别特定 对老年人产生严重不利影响的环境。研究方法将直接产生 可翻译的结果可用于基于证据的警报沟通，政策决策，分类 即将进行的热量事件，并实施其他安全干预措施。我们将检验全球假设 这种衰老将把关键的环境限制转移到整个安全环境的范围更狭窄的范围 心理测量光谱（包括热干燥环境中的温暖环境）。从逻辑上提出的建议 建立在我们30年的机械研究机构研究的基础上，以及我们的经验 执行这一独特的研究范式。在特定目标1中，我们建议确定这些环境限制 高于该年龄相关的身体变化会导致无法补偿的热应力，从而导致热量储存 并增加热病的风险。根据数据适当适当，将有明显的心理限制 派往老年男子和老年女性。我们假设衰老会降低关键的环境热量 平衡限制，特别是由于出汗机制的损害而导致的热干环境。具体 AIM 2我们将计算关键的蒸发系数和湿蛋白的湿球温度温度温度温度等温度等温度等温度等温度等温度等温度等温度等温度 用于预测无法补偿的环境条件，因此增加了老年人的健康风险 男女。这些系数随后可用于预测老年人对荒野的反应 一组环境参数（太阳负载，风等）。最后，我们提出了另一个探索目标。 我们的实验室已经确定了非处方的其他有害影响 老年男性和女性温度调节的血小板抑制剂。我们以前已经描述了阿司匹林 （ASA）和处方血小板抑制剂（Clopidogrel;Plavix®）进一步加速了人体核心的上升 温度在温暖的环境条件下，会损害输热机制。因此，我们建议 还可以确定ASA对特定年龄特异性关键环境极限的影响，假设这些药物 将进一步降低关键的环境平衡限制，尤其是在炎热的潮湿条件下 干热损失机制的损害（特定目标3）。