The plasticity of well-being: A research network to define, measure and promote human flourishing

福祉的可塑性：定义、衡量和促进人类繁荣的研究网络

• 批准号: 10151850
• 负责人: Richard J Davidson
• 金额: $ 62.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10151850
• 关键词: Area; Attention; Awareness; Behavior; Behavioral; Biological; Cellular Phone; Communities; Computers; Consensus; Data; Data Analyses; Data Collection; Data Set; Development; Distal; Drug abuse; Elements; Emotional; Engineering; Face; Future; Gold; Grant; Health; Human; Humanities; Individual Differences; Institution; Interruption; Literature; Measurement; Measures; Mental Depression; Methodology; Mind; Modernization; Neurosciences; Outcome; Patient Self-Report; Personal Satisfaction; Pilot Projects; Plague; Population Biology; Prevention strategy; Program Evaluation; Psychology; Publications; Questionnaires; Randomized Controlled Trials; Regulation; Research; Research Personnel; Research Priority; Risk; Sampling; Scientist; Signal Transduction; Specific qualifier value; Subgroup; Techniques; Technology; To specify; Training; Well in self; Work; base; computer science; cost; digital; disorder prevention; indexing; learning strategy; mHealth; machine learning algorithm; meetings; member; mindfulness meditation; multidisciplinary; novel; physical conditioning; population health; prevent; programs; psychologic; response; skill acquisition; social; standard measure; technology development; tool; virtual; web site

PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT This U24 application is written in response to RFA-AT-20-003 to establish a high-priority research network on emotional well-being (EWB). While psychological research on well-being has dramatically increased over the past 15 years, virtually all of this work has been descriptive and has not emphasized the “how” of well-being: How might well-being be cultivated? In addition, virtually all of the extant work on the correlates of individual differences in well-being has used responses on retrospective questionnaires as the primary tool to assess well-being. While there have been exciting findings, particularly relating individual differences in well-being to various indices of physical health, many questions remain and methodological limitations plague the validity of this work. This U24 network will assemble a highly multi-disciplinary group of 10 investigators across 3 (or more in the future) institutions to significantly advance our understanding of the “how” of EWB, identify the core plastic constituents of EWB, specify and/or develop robust measures of these constituents at biological, behavioral and experiential levels of analysis and characterize the plasticity of these constituents. The measurement strategy will ultimately focus on the development of technology-based passive measures of EWB that require no explicit user input and are highly scalable. The network will also focus its efforts on the development and evaluation of programs to train EWB and will assess whether such programs might serve as prevention strategies. The network will consist of scientists and scholars from a broad range of fields including psychology, neuroscience, electrical and computer engineering, population health and biology, computer science and the humanities. These scientists and scholars will focus on the following major aims: Aim 1: To arrive at a core consensus of the minimal set of constituents that can be described and measured at biological, behavioral and experiential levels that constitute the plastic elements of EWB and to specify already existing measures and /or develop novel measures of each of these constructs at each level of analysis. Aim 2: Using the active measures described in Aim 1, to develop passive measures using digital technologies of at least two of the core constituents of well-being. Aim 3: To develop pilot projects specifically focusing on prevention strategies for learning well-being in various samples. The network will train new investigators and bring established investigators into this new field, disseminate a framework for understanding the plasticity of well- being, a toolbox of measures for assessing the plasticity of components of well-being, and several pilot datasets that showcase the novel passive and field-friendly biological measures. In these ways, the network will dramatically accelerate progress in the nascent field of EWB.

项目摘要/摘要 该U24应用程序是根据RFA-AT-20-003编写的，以建立一个高优先级研究网络 情感幸福（EWB）。而对幸福感的心理研究却大大增加了 过去15年，几乎所有这些工作都具有描述性，并且没有强调幸福感的“方式”： 如何培养幸福？此外，几乎所有有关个人相关性的额外工作 幸福感的差异已使用对回顾性问卷的回答作为评估的主要工具 尽管有令人兴奋的发现，尤其是将幸福感的个体差异与 身体健康的各种指标，仍然存在许多问题，方法论上的局限性困扰着有效性 这项工作。该U24网络将组装一个高度多学科的小组，由10位调查人员组成的3个（或 将来，更多的机构要大大提高我们对EWB“如何”的理解，确定核心 塑料构成EWB，指定和/或制定这些构成在生物学上的强大度量， 行为和专家分析水平，并表征这些构成的可塑性。 测量策略最终将集中于基于技术的被动测量的发展 不需要明确的用户输入并且高度可扩展的EWB。网络还将将其努力集中在 制定和评估培训EWB的计划，并将评估此类计划是否可以作为 预防策略。该网络将由来自广泛领域的科学家和学者组成 心理学，神经科学，电气和计算机工程，人口健康与生物学，计算机 科学与人类。这些科学家和学者将专注于以下主要目标：目标1： 在生物学，可以描述和测量的最小成分集的核心共识， 构成EWB的塑料元素并指定已经存在的行为和专家级别 在每个分析级别上，测量和 /或开发了这些构建体中每个构建体的新颖测量。目标2：使用 AIM 1中描述的主动措施，使用至少两种数字技术制定被动措施 幸福的核心一致。目标3：开发专门针对预防的试点项目 各种样本中学习幸福感的策略。该网络将培训新的调查员并带来 成立的研究人员进入这个新领域，传播一个框架，以理解良好的可塑性 存在，一种用于评估幸福感的可塑性的措施工具箱，几个飞行员 展示新颖的被动和现场友好生物学测量的数据集。通过这些方式，网络 在EWB的新生场中，将大大加速进度。