Epidemiology and Control of Leishmaniasis in Central Eurasia ; A new epidemic in association with irrigation of deserts

欧亚大陆中部利什曼病的流行病学和控制；

• 批准号: 10041190
• 负责人: MATSUMOTO Yoshitsugu
• 金额: $ 16.51万
• 依托单位: THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A).
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10041190/
• 关键词: Cutaneous Leishmaniasis; Visceral Leishmaniasis; Pathogenic protozoa; Zoonosis; Arthropod-borne Infection; Epidemiology; Irrigation of deserts; Central Eurasia; 内蔵型リーシュマニア症; リーシュマニア症

A vast area of the Central Eurasia has widely been occupied with deserts. Humans living in this sterile land have continuously struggled against natural forces to obtain water. Irrigation might bring wealth to residents and facilitate to socioeconomical development. However it also tremendously changes ecosystem in the irrigated land, suchi as changes in ecology of humans, animals, insects, and pathogenic microorganisms, resulting in new unfavorable and unexpected endemy of the diseases including leishmaniasis. Today over the areas leishmaniasis is endemic. Leishmaniasis, thus, might be one of the man-made diseases. Since 1994 we have performed epdemiological researches on leishmaniasis in some areas along the Silk Road that crosses over the Central Eurasia including Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China, the Central Asian countries, and Turkey. Leishmaniasis is widespread over the Central Eurasia, where different combination of Leishmania species, vector sandflies, and reservoir animals exists. Humans are considered to be mostly accidental hosts, although in some places, e.g.India, the disease is anthroponotic. Hence epidemic features of leishmaniasis varied among areas and therefore control measures should be different. Careful and detail epidemiological investigatrions should be needed in advance to establish effective control measures against this disease.

欧亚大陆中部的广大地区被广泛占领了沙漠。生活在无菌土地上的人类一直在与自然力量抗衡以获取水。灌溉可能会给居民带来财富，并促进社会经济发展。然而，它也极大地改变了灌溉土地中的生态系统，例如人类，动物，昆虫和致病性微生物的生态学变化，导致了包括利什曼病在内的疾病的新不利和意外的终点。今天，利什曼病的领域是地方性的。因此，利什曼病可能是人造疾病之一。自1994年以来，我们在丝绸之路沿线的某些地区进行了有关利什曼病的院研究，该地区穿越了欧亚大陆，包括中国，中亚国家和土耳其，包括新疆Uygur自治区。利什曼病在欧亚大陆中部普遍存在，那里存在利什曼原虫物种，矢量沙叶和水库动物的不同组合。人类被认为主要是偶然的宿主，尽管在某些地方，例如印度，这种疾病是拟人化的。因此，利什曼病的流行特征在地区之间有所不同，因此控制措施应不同。应提前需要仔细而细节的流行病学研究，以建立针对该疾病的有效控制措施。

项目成果

Mtsumoto,Y.: "Leishmaniasis in central eurasia." Japanese J.of Trop.Med.Hyg.(in press). (1998)

Mtsumoto,Y.：“欧亚大陆中部的利什曼病。”

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Terabe,M.: "Leishmania amazonensis infection in nude mice." Exp.Animal.(in press). (1998)

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Hatabu, T., et al.: "The production of biologically active canine interleukin-8 in gene Transfected Leishmania parasites."Procedings of the International Vet.Conference. 85-88 (2000)

Hatabu, T. 等人：“在基因转染的利什曼原虫寄生虫中产生具有生物活性的犬白细胞介素 8。”国际兽医会议记录。

Qu,JQ.: "Rapid serodiagnosis with rk39 dipstisk for visceral leishmaniasis of low endemicity in northwestern China." Parasitology Internanational. Vol.47 supplement. 227-227 (1998)

Qu，JQ.：“用 rk39 Diptistk 快速血清诊断中国西北地区低度流行的内脏利什曼病。”