Estimation of Effect of Global Warming on Snowmelt Runoff in River of Snowy District

全球变暖对雪区河流融雪径流影响的估算

基本信息

批准号：
09660265
负责人：
KATO Toru
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Miyagi Agricultural College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1997
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1997 至 1999
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-09660265/
关键词：
global warming rising of temperature snowmelt runoff analysis calculation of snowpack and snowmelt change of snowmelt runoff snowy district 温暖化シナリオ総流出高融雪流出高融雪水依存度融雪流出流出解析

项目摘要

Our research deals with the forecast of the effect of global warming on snowmelt runoff in rivers of snowy district. The basins we select for our research are the Okura dam basin in Miyagi prefecture and Tori dam basin in Toyama prefecture.We have discussed the effect from total runoff, snowmelt runoff, snowmelt season, and snow cover disappearance date that these two dams show, and have also established two scenario : Scenario I takes into consideration an increase in precipitation with the rise of temperature and Scenario II does not.The summary of the results is shown below.(1) The rise of temperature reduced the percentage of precipitation to snowfall and the water equivalent of snow. Moreover, the snowmelt season and the snow cover disappearance date came earlier. Therefore, we can see remarkably early snowmelt runoff and its decrease in volume.(2) The depth of total runoff and snowmelt runoff decreased abundantly, with the rise of temperature in April and May, and, on the contrary, the depth increased a little in March and February.(3) The depth of total runoff and snowmelt runoff showed a greater decrease in Scenario II than in Scenario I.(4) There was not a significant difference between the Okura dam basin and the Tori in the percentage of decrease in total runoff and snowmelt runoff. On the other hand, the Tori dam basin showed a marked decrease in the depth of total runoff and snowmelt runoff : it had two to three times greater decrease than the other one.(5) Thus, it can be predicted that global warming has a large effect on snowmelt runoff in river of the snowy district.

我们的研究涉及全球变暖对雪区河流融雪径流影响的预测。我们选择进行研究的流域是宫城县的大仓坝盆地和富山县的托里坝盆地。我们讨论了这两个水坝显示的总径流、融雪径流、融雪季节和积雪消失日期的影响，并还建立了两种情景：情景一考虑了降水量随温度升高而增加，而情景二则没有。结果总结如下。（1）温度降低了降水占降雪的百分比以及雪的水当量。而且，融雪季节和积雪消失日期提前。因此，我们可以看到融雪径流明显提早，且流量减少。(2)总径流和融雪径流深度随着4、5月份气温的升高而大幅减少，相反深度略有增加。 (3) 情景二的总径流和融雪径流深度均较情景一减少幅度更大。(4) 大仓坝流域与托里流域差异不显着。总径流和融雪径流减少的百分比。另一方面，托里坝盆地的总径流和融雪径流深度显着减少：其减少量是其他坝盆地的两到三倍。(5) 因此，可以预测全球变暖对全球变暖的影响对雪区河流融雪径流影响较大。