Response of flow systems in soils to extreme atmosperical boundary conditions

土壤流动系统对极端大气边界条件的响应

• 批准号: 5445165
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Huwe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Bodenphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5445165?language=en
• 关键词: Response; flow; systems; soils; extreme

Moisture and flow patterns are of utmost importance for matter transport and spatial distribution of nutrients and pollutants in the soil compartment of ecosystems. Soil structure, spatial variation of nonlinear material functions, and dynamics of upper boundary conditions are key factors of flow path formation. In forest soils, organic O - horizons, wettability and stones seem to play a prominent role in controlling infiltration patterns and preferential flow formation. The impact of extreme atmospheric boundary conditions on flow pattern generation, associated soil chemical effects and a possible change of flow systems make up the focus of the proposed research. Experiments are conducted at the laboratory, profile and plot scale. In the context of the central field manipulation experiments changes in dynamics and patterns of soil moisture and water repellency are investigated using time series analysis, geostatistics and analysis of variance. In addition associated physical and chemical parameters are determined. The deterministic process model WHNWIN is used for flux quantification of field plots and model aided interpretation of the manipulation experiments. The role of organic O- horizons and water repellency for preferential flow formation is studied in field tracer experiments by image analysis and VIS-NIR spectroscopy. Field studies are complemented by computer controlled column and batch experiments in the laboratory. Inverse modelling is applied for parameter and process identification.

对于生态系统土壤室中养分和污染物的物质运输和空间分布，水分和流动模式至关重要。土壤结构，非线性材料函数的空间变化以及上边界条件的动力学是流动路径形成的关键因素。在森林土壤中，有机O-地平线，润湿性和石头似乎在控制浸润模式和优先流动形成中起着重要作用。极端大气边界条件对流动模式产生，相关的土壤化学效应和流动系统可能变化的影响构成了拟议研究的重点。实验是在实验室，轮廓和情节量表上进行的。在中央场操作实验的背景下，使用时间序列分析，地统计学和方差分析，研究了土壤水分和水驱动性的动态和驱虫率的变化。另外，确定了相关的物理和化学参数。确定性过程模型WHNWIN用于田间图的通量定量，并模拟了对操作实验的解释。通过图像分析和Vis-NIR光谱学研究了有机O-视野和水排斥性在优先流动过程中的作用。现场研究通过实验室中的计算机控制柱和批处理实验进行补充。逆建模用于参数和过程识别。