Response of flow systems in soils to extreme atmosperical boundary conditions

土壤流动系统对极端大气边界条件的响应

• 批准号: 5445165
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Huwe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Bodenphysik
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2005
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2004-12-31 至 2012-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/5445165?language=en
• 关键词: Response; flow; systems; soils; extreme

Moisture and flow patterns are of utmost importance for matter transport and spatial distribution of nutrients and pollutants in the soil compartment of ecosystems. Soil structure, spatial variation of nonlinear material functions, and dynamics of upper boundary conditions are key factors of flow path formation. In forest soils, organic O - horizons, wettability and stones seem to play a prominent role in controlling infiltration patterns and preferential flow formation. The impact of extreme atmospheric boundary conditions on flow pattern generation, associated soil chemical effects and a possible change of flow systems make up the focus of the proposed research. Experiments are conducted at the laboratory, profile and plot scale. In the context of the central field manipulation experiments changes in dynamics and patterns of soil moisture and water repellency are investigated using time series analysis, geostatistics and analysis of variance. In addition associated physical and chemical parameters are determined. The deterministic process model WHNWIN is used for flux quantification of field plots and model aided interpretation of the manipulation experiments. The role of organic O- horizons and water repellency for preferential flow formation is studied in field tracer experiments by image analysis and VIS-NIR spectroscopy. Field studies are complemented by computer controlled column and batch experiments in the laboratory. Inverse modelling is applied for parameter and process identification.

水分和流动模式对于生态系统土壤区室中的物质运输以及养分和污染物的空间分布至关重要。土壤结构、非线性材料函数的空间变化以及上边界条件的动力学是流路形成的关键因素。在森林土壤中，有机层、润湿性和石头似乎在控制渗透模式和优先流形成方面发挥着重要作用。极端大气边界条件对流型生成的影响、相关的土壤化学效应以及流系统可能的变化构成了本次研究的重点。实验在实验室、剖面和地块规模上进行。在中心场操纵实验的背景下，使用时间序列分析、地质统计学和方差分析来研究土壤湿度和防水性的动态和模式的变化。此外还确定了相关的物理和化学参数。确定性过程模型 WHNWIN 用于场图的通量量化和操纵实验的模型辅助解释。通过图像分析和 VIS-NIR 光谱在现场示踪实验中研究了有机 O 层和疏水性对优先流形成的作用。现场研究由计算机控制的实验室柱实验和批量实验进行补充。逆向建模用于参数和过程识别。