Functional soil landscape modelling in the Andean mountain forest zone: impact of land use and natural disturbances

安第斯山森林区功能性土壤景观建模：土地利用和自然干扰的影响

• 批准号: 36022639
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Huwe
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Area Agropecuaria y de Recursos Naturales Renovables
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/36022639?language=en
• 关键词: Functional; soil; landscape; modelling; Andean

Spatial patterns of soil types and related hydrological, mechanical, chemical and biological properties considerably affect ecosystem behaviour and functioning on the local as well as on the landscape scale. In the tropical montane forests of Southern Ecuador landslides are assumed to have significant impact on pedogenesis, pedodiversity, landscape evolution and biodiversity. Consequently, soil landscape modelling needs to take into account the main governing factors of landslide dynamics like topography, soil hydrology, and vegetation development. Based on comprehensive datasets from previous funding periods and ongoing research our project aims at functional soil landscape modeling with special focus on pedodiversity and landslide risk assesment. Results will further be used for disturbance analyses, and hydrological modelling on the local, catchment and landscape scale in close cooperation with other working groups. Soil landscape modelling will be conducted using advanced statistical models like classifcication and regression trees (CART) and artificial neuronal networks (ANN). Hydrological modeling is conducted using GIS segmentation algorithms together with process based 2D- and 3D- hillslope and catchment models. Special attention will be directed to spatial heterogeneity and parameter uncertainty. A total of 8 existing monitoring plots provide us with throughfall, matric potential, water content and discharge data of subcatchments for model calibrations. Occurrence and relevance of preferential flow can be assessed with the help of dye tracer image analyses from previous funding periods.

土壤类型以及相关水文，机械，化学和生物学特性的空间模式极大地影响了生态系统的行为以及在局部和景观量表上的功能。在厄瓜多尔南部的热带山地森林中，山体滑坡被假定对人的成因，花梗，景观进化和生物多样性产生重大影响。因此，土壤景观建模需要考虑到地形，土壤水文和植被开发等滑坡动态的主要治疗因素。基于以前的资助期和正在进行的研究的全面数据集，我们的项目旨在特别关注踏板和滑坡风险评估的功能性土壤景观建模。结果将进一步用于与其他工作组密切合作的局部，集水区和景观量表的干扰分析和水文建模。土壤景观建模将使用高级统计模型（例如分类和回归树（CART）和人工神经元网络（ANN）进行。水文建模是使用GIS分割算法以及基于过程的2D和3D山坡和集水模型进行的。特别关注的是空间异质性和参数不确定性。共有8个现有的监视地块为我们提供了用于模型校准的子捕捉的遍布，矩阵的潜力，水含量和排放数据。可以在以前的资金期间的染料示踪剂图像分析的帮助下评估优先流量的发生和相关性。