Effect of Environmental Regulations on 3R(Reuse, Reduce and Recycle)

环境法规对3R（再利用、减少和回收）的影响

• 批准号: 16404023
• 负责人: NAKAMURA Takashi
• 金额: $ 8.51万
• 依托单位: Tohoku University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2004
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2004 至 2006
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-16404023/
• 关键词: environmental regulations; RoHs directive; Reach directive; test of hazards substances; マテリアルフロー; 3R技術; 廃棄物再資源化; 環境政策; 環境技術; フッ素; RoHS指令

Investigations of environmental regulations of oversea countries and Japan and their effects on the industrial structure have been done in the present study. For example, an introduction of severe regulation of F in waste water forced to decrease the use of CaF2 in Steel making industry. Such relations were observed in other fields like a relation between Car Recycling Low and developments of recycling processes for shredder bluffs.RoHs directive has also given a strong effect on development lead free solder. Use of lead free solder, however, did not show clear effect to decrease environmental risk.Two Rigorous legislations with realistic timetables acts plays as key catalysts of change in water pollution abatement. But, generally, they provide no incentive to achieve better than the prescribed standards. The direct regulations are necessary pre-condition for successful implementation of economic instruments.WEEE directive is also very important to understand the relation between an environmental regulation and industrial activity. An comparison between WEEE directive in EU and Home applicants recycling low in Japan. Recycling processes of WEEE is almost same but system is different in each low. Japanese recycling low doen't cover small domestic applicants. Then, We investigated the matter that should be taken into consideration about future metal resource recycling. As a result we propose new system " Concept of artificial mineral (ore) deposit (conception)". This concept( Reserve to Stock ) proposes a kind of paradigm change. It is the concept of beginning to deal with some recycling metals like common are resources, which have been treated as waste. It enables to develop possibility of further metal recycling, introduce the concept of the stockpile to the future, and reduce environmental impact.

本研究对国外和日本的环境法规及其对产业结构的影响进行了调查。例如，对废水中氟的严格监管迫使钢铁行业减少氟化钙的使用。这种关系在其他领域也被观察到，例如汽车回收低水平与碎纸机废品回收工艺的发展之间的关系。RoHs 指令也对无铅焊料的开发产生了强烈的影响。然而，使用无铅焊料并没有显示出明显的降低环境风险的效果。两项严格的立法和现实的时间表是水污染减轻变化的关键催化剂。但一般来说，它们不会提供任何激励措施来达到比规定标准更好的水平。直接法规是成功实施经济手段的必要先决条件。WEEE 指令对于理解环境法规与工业活动之间的关系也非常重要。欧盟 WEEE 指令与日本国内申请者回收率较低的比较。 WEEE的回收流程几乎相同，但各地制度不同。日本的回收率低不包括小型国内申请人。然后，我们对未来金属资源回收应考虑的问题进行了调查。因此，我们提出了新系统“人工矿物（矿石）矿床的概念（概念）”。这个概念（储备到库存）提出了一种范式变化。这是开始处理一些回收金属的概念，例如普通资源，这些金属已被视为废物。它能够开发进一步金属回收的可能性，向未来引入库存的概念，并减少对环境的影响。

项目成果

Present status of metal recycling and its problems

金属回收利用现状及问题

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: T.Nakamura

Concept of artificial mineral (ore) deposit (conception) A proposal for employing the concept of "Reduce to Stock"

人工矿（矿石）矿床的概念（构想） 关于采用“减少库存”概念的提案

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: T.Shiratori

金属リサイクルの現伏と課題

金属回收利用现状及挑战

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: 中村 崇

人工鉱床構想 〜Reduce to Stock の考え方とその運用に関する提案〜

人工矿床概念——关于“减库存”概念及其操作的建议——

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: 白鳥寿一

産業におけるフッ素のマテリアルフロー

工业中氟物料流程

• 发表时间: 2005
• 作者: 藤岡義彰