Diachronic Changes and Panchronic Universal Properties of Constructions and Grammatical Categories in Chinese-a Reconstruction of Historical Chinese Grammar

汉语构式与语法范畴的历时变迁与全时普遍性——汉语历史语法的重构

基本信息

批准号：
16320049
负责人：
KIMURA Hideki
金额：
$ 6.98万
依托单位：
The University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is needless to say that the semantic/structural properties of the various grammatical categories or grammatical constructions that can be found in modern Chinese today did not all exist in Chinese of previous times. Among them, some are panchronic properties that were passed down from the ancient era to modern days, whereas other properties have experienced various changes before their existence today. In this project five researchers refer to the outstanding analysis in recent studies of modern Chinese regarding the meaning and structure of the various grammatical categories/constructions, examine the pictures of different times in detail and discuss the findings, all together with the intention to clarify the differences between each era and the mechanism behind these changes. At the same time, this project is also aimed at finding out the universal properties of Chinese, which have stayed constant since ancient times, making it explicit that grammatical/semanticcategories that function panchronically do exist, and investigating the related parameters that motivated these categorizations.In this project, which we started in 2004, five researchers that commonly share the previously-mentioned purposes examined a series of topics, such as word order, voice and aspect, in each one's designated era With a careful analysis of the first-hand data, we have revealed the situation of Chinese in different eras. The results, including the analyses written in the final report, provide important descriptive data as well as theoretical foundations by demonstrating the variety of Chinese grammar in its diachronic changes and also the panchronic universal properties that it possesses. Therefore, these results can contribute to the reconstruction of historical Chinese grammar.

不用说，今天现代汉语中的各种语法类别或语法结构的语义/结构特性并不全部存在于以前的汉语中。其中，有些是从远古时代流传到现代的全时属性，而另一些属性在今天存在之前经历了各种变化。在这个项目中，五位研究人员参考了现代汉语研究中对各种语法类别/结构的含义和结构的杰出分析，详细研究了不同时代的图片并讨论了研究结果，旨在澄清每个时代的差异以及这些变化背后的机制。同时，该项目还旨在找出汉语自古以来不变的普遍属性，明确泛时作用的语法/语义类别确实存在，并调查促成这些类别的相关参数。在我们于 2004 年开始的这个项目中，五位有着共同目的的研究人员在各自指定的时代对一系列主题进行了研究，例如词序、语音和体态，并仔细分析了第一手资料。数据，我们揭示了中国人在不同时代的情况。结果，包括最终报告中的分析，通过展示汉语语法在历时变化中的多样性及其所具有的全时普遍属性，提供了重要的描述性数据和理论基础。因此，这些成果有助于汉语历史语法的重建。