The Background of Fluency Disorders : Language Universality and Diversity

流畅性障碍的背景:语言的普遍性和多样性

基本信息

批准号：
20520352
负责人：
UJIHIRA Akira
金额：
$ 1.91万
依托单位：
Toyohashi University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2008 至 2010
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

There are three results of the study on disfluencies. The first one is elucidation of phonological pattern underlying inter language speech. In the speech a syllable takes on the role of acting as the universal phonological unit. The novices of Japanese learners, English, Chinese and Korean, substitute a syllable for the dominant phonological unit of the mother tongue in their Japanese speech. On the other hand the advanced leaners' dominant phonological units are morae or those of their mother tongues.The second one is illumination of a common tendency of stuttering between Japanese (Keihan dialect) and Chinese (Beijing dialect). The stutterers produce disfluency adhering to the next prosodic marker to the loci of disfluency. The marker is the descending pitch. In the other words, it is the accent nucleus in Japanese and No.4 tone in Chinese. The finding is based on statistical analysis of connected speech samples in Japanese and Chinese.The third one is the suggestion of making a clear distinction between stuttering and not stuttering with the detailed investigation of language diversity. The whole word repetition has been the theme of discussions whether it is a symptom of stuttering or not. Cooperating with Prof.Peter Howell (University College London), it was shown that the stutterers in English create many whole word repetitions but the stutterers in Japanese don't do many. So the whole word repetition is not always a sign of stuttering. This conclusion is based on the accumulation of contrastive study of Japanese and English stuttering, and the difference of morphological and syntactic structures between Japanese and English.

关于不流畅的研究有三个结果。第一个是阐明语言间语音的语音模式。在言语中，音节扮演着通用语音单位的角色。日语学习者（英语、汉语和韩语）的新手在日语演讲中用音节代替母语的主要语音单位。另一方面，高级学习者的主要语音单位是音韵单位或他们的母语。第二个是说明日语（京阪话）和汉语（北京话）之间普遍存在的口吃倾向。口吃者产生的不流畅与不流畅位点的下一个韵律标记相一致。标记是下降的音高。换句话说，它是日语的重音核心和汉语的四声。这一发现是基于对日语和汉语连接语音样本的统计分析。第三个建议是通过对语言多样性的详细调查来明确区分口吃和不口吃。整个单词的重复一直是讨论是否是口吃症状的主题。与彼得·豪厄尔教授（伦敦大学学院）的合作表明，英语口吃者会造成许多整个单词的重复，而日语口吃者则不会这样做。因此，整个单词的重复并不总是口吃的迹象。这一结论是基于日语和英语口吃对比研究的积累以及日语和英语的形态和句法结构的差异而得出的。