The Research of Comparative History for the Social and Ethnic Conflict between the Italian Emigrants and the People of Host Countries

意大利移民与东道国人民之间社会和种族冲突的比较史研究

基本信息

批准号：
11610390
负责人：
KITAMURA Akeo
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Japan Women's University (2000)Mie University (1999)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1 Among the three cases which I chose as the social and ethnic conflicts between the Italian emigrants and the people of the host countries, I particularly focused on the criminal case of New Orleans (Jan. 1891) and that of Aigues-Mortes (the small town in South-East France, Aug. 1893), basing on the documents I had searched for at the Historical Archives of Ministry of Foreign Affairs in Italy, and at National Archives in France.2 The analysis about the New Orleans Case results that, (a) the Italian community at New Orleans of the late 19^<th> century was composed almost by the Sicilians, and their leaders, as founders of the mutual aid societies of the Italian emigrants, were supporters of the Risorgimento movement and had a tendency to nationalism, (b) the native whites in this town took for the Sicilian immigrants as criminals, labeling them as 'mafia', (c) this case showed that Sicilian immigrants were excluded from the native white community in this period and that they were to b … More e integrated into it after the First World War.3 The analysis about the Aigues-Mortes Case results that, (a) the Italian immigrant workers in the salt field at Aigues-Mortes were almost composed by the Tuscans and the Piemontese, and the formers were very solid as a social group, while the latter ones were more individualistic, (b) most French laborers were as seasonal and foreign to the native town people as the Italian immigrants. (C) when they collided with each other, both the Italian laborers and the French used the nationalistic terms, like as 'Long Live France', 'Long Live Italy', (c) the French laborers took for the Italians defended by the policemen as symbol of the robbers of their labor.4 Compared the two cases, it results that, (a) in the 1890s, a part of Italian immigrants was influenced by the Italian nationalism, (b) both in USA and in France, in the 1890s, the Italian immigrants were the target of xenophobia, but after the First World War, they were integrated into the native community.5 I could not afford to analyze the Sacco-Vanzetti Case. I hope to research it on the next occasion. Less

1 在我选择作为意大利移民与东道国人民之间的社会和种族冲突的三个案例中，我特别关注新奥尔良刑事案件（1891年1月）和艾格-莫尔特刑事案件（小法国东南部小镇，1893 年 8 月），根据我在意大利外交部历史档案馆和法国国家档案馆检索的文件。2 对新法的分析奥尔良案例的结果表明，（a）19世纪末新奥尔良的意大利社区几乎由西西里人组成，他们的领导人作为意大利移民互助会的创始人，是意大利社会的支持者。复兴运动并具有民族主义倾向，(b) 该镇的土著白人将西西里移民视为罪犯，给他们贴上“黑手党”的标签，(c) 此案表明西西里移民被排除在外这一时期的本土白人社区，他们在第一次世界大战后融入其中。 3 对艾格-莫尔特案的分析结果表明，(a) 艾格盐田的意大利移民工人 - Mortes几乎由托斯卡纳人和皮埃蒙特人组成，前者作为一个社会群体非常稳固，而后者则更加个人主义，（b）大多数法国劳工对于本地城镇居民来说就像意大利人一样是季节性的和外来的。 (C) 当意大利劳工和法国劳工发生冲突时，他们都使用了民族主义术语，如“法国万岁”、“意大利万岁”，(c) 法国劳工认为意大利人受到了保护。 4 比较这两个案例，得出的结论是，(a) 1890 年代，一部分意大利移民受到意大利民族主义的影响，(b) 在美国和法国， 1890年代，意大利移民是仇外心理的目标，但第一次世界大战后，他们融入了本土社区。5我无力分析萨科-万泽蒂案，希望下次再研究一下。。较少的