Significance of newly discovered nitrogen metabolic processes in terrestrial environments

新发现的陆地环境氮代谢过程的意义

• 批准号: 18380053
• 负责人: SAITO Masanori
• 金额: $ 10.45万
• 依托单位: National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2006 至 2007
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-18380053/
• 关键词: soil processes; microogamsms; mycorrhizal fungiANAMMOX; endonhvtic fungi; denitrification; N2O; 亜酸化窒素; 土壌圏現像

The objective of this project was to clarify the occurrence and the mechanisms of newly discovered nitrogen metabolic processes such as ANAMMOX in terrestrial environments.1. Anaerobic ammonia oxidation (ANAMMOX): We established a highly sensitive and reproducible analytirAl method for ANAMMOX activity. The activity was found in not normal paddy soils but in a YATSU paddy soil affected by ground water rich in nitrogen. In a spring of ground water rich in nitrogen, the activity was detected. This is the first report on the occurrence of ANAMMOX in terrestrial environments.2. Anaerobic N20 production not through denitrifying process: N20 was simultaneously produced from nitrate in soil when upland soils were kept anaerobic. Soft rot bacteria may be involved in this process. We developed a method for 15N and 180-NO3 isotope concentration in water samples, nitrate of which was converted into N20 by a denitrifying bacterium, Psudomonas chlororaphos, deficit of N20 reductase, and the isotopes in N20 were measured by mass spectroscopy. By applying this method, we conducted 2-dimensional mapping of 15N-180 in nitrate in ground water and tried to clarify the origin of the nitrate.3. Nitrogen absorption by root symbiotic fungi: Root endophytic fungi, Penicillium sp. EU0013 was found to promote the growth of cabbage. The effect of growth promotion was not affected by types and amounts of nitrogen fertilization. Nitrogen transfer by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was examined using a newly developed root box. Under nitrogen deficit conditions, plant growth was promoted by supplying nitrogen through AM fungal hyphae. This is the first evidence that AM fungi can promote plant growth by supplying nitrogen.

该项目的目的是阐明新发现的氮代谢过程（例如陆地环境中的Anammox）的发生和机制。1。厌氧氨氧化（ANAMMOX）：我们建立了一种高度敏感和可重复的分析方法，用于厌氧活性。该活性在不是普通的稻田中，而是在富含氮的地下水影响的Yatsu稻田中。在富含氮的地下水春季中，检测到活性。这是关于陆地环境中Anammox发生的第一个报告。2。厌氧N20的产生不是通过反硝化过程的：N20是在高地土壤保持厌氧的情况下同时从土壤中的硝酸盐生产的。软腐菌可能参与此过程。我们开发了一种用于水样品中15N和180-NO3同位素浓度的方法，硝酸盐通过硝化细菌，psudomonas氯磷脂，N20还原酶的不足和N20中N20中的同位素转化为N20。通过应用这种方法，我们在地下水中对硝酸盐中的15n-180进行了二维映射，并试图阐明硝酸盐的起源3。根共生真菌吸收氮：根部内生真菌，青霉sp。发现EU0013促进了卷心菜的生长。促进生长的影响不受氮肥类型和量的影响。使用新开发的根盒检查了通过羊膜菌根（AM）真菌通过灰烬菌根（AM）真菌的氮转移。在氮不足条件下，通过通过AM真菌菌丝提供氮来促进植物生长。这是AM真菌可以通过供应氮促进植物生长的第一个证据。

项目成果

田畑輪換圃場における地下浸透水中の溶存温室効果ガスの定量

农田轮作场地下渗流水中溶解温室气体的测定

• 发表时间: 2007
• 作者: 斎藤明徳;木村拓也;大竹憲邦;末吉邦;大山卓爾;南川和則
• 通讯作者: 南川和則

エンバク根とユーカリ根より分離した根部定着糸状菌がキャベツ苗に示す発芽および生育促進効果

燕麦根和桉树根定殖真菌对甘蓝幼苗的萌发和促生长作用

• 发表时间: 2006
• 期刊: 日本土壌肥料学雑誌 77
• 作者: Izawa N;Suzuki T;Watanabe M;Takeda M;手嶋さぎり
• 通讯作者: 手嶋さぎり

ハクサイ腐敗過程からの亜酸化窒素発生に及ぼす軟腐病菌、土壌、堆肥の影響

软腐真菌、土壤和堆肥对大白菜腐烂过程中一氧化二氮生成的影响

• 发表时间: 2006
• 作者: Masafumi Kameya;ら;駒田充生
• 通讯作者: 駒田充生

谷津田水田土壌からのアナモックスの検出

八田水稻土中厌氧氨氧化的检测

• 发表时间: 2008
• 作者: Uno;T;Hata;K.;Trang;L.T.D.;Hiragaki;S.;Nakada;T.;Nakamura;M.;Uno;Y.;Yamagata;H.;Kanamaru;K.;Takeda;M.;Matsubara M;諏訪裕一
• 通讯作者: 諏訪裕一

Simultaneous in situ detection of alkaline phosphatase activity and polyphosphate in arbuscules within arbuscular mycorrhizal roots

• DOI: 10.1071/fp06326
• 发表时间: 2007-01-01
• 期刊: FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Funamoto, Rintaro;Saito, Katsuharu;Aono, Toshihiro
• 通讯作者: Aono, Toshihiro