Ecosystem-based Natural Resources Management in Local Areas

当地基于生态系统的自然资源管理

基本信息

批准号：
15402014
负责人：
HATAKEYAMA Takemichi
金额：
$ 8.19万
依托单位：
Jyochi (Sophia) University (2005)Hokkaido University (2003-2004)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2005
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Natural resource management in the developed countries was analyzed, mainly focused on how decentralization of resource management was implemented and how collaborative relationship under decentralized regime was formulated. Followings are results of the study.In Hamburg City, Germany, under Fundamental Environmental Plan, restrictions on the developmnt in the suburban areas, creation of large scale green belt, redevelopment of downtown has been steadily implemented.In Hanover, Germany, landscape plan was developed under close collaboration among administration, university and consultants, and recognized that public participation has played quite important role. In France, watershed conservation program in Vittel City of Vosges Province was surveyed. Bottling factory of mineral water has been invested money for the conservation of watershed, and they made agreement with farmers for developing organic farming.In Australia, recently Federal government become engaged in states natural resource management policy through agreement and subsidiary payment. However, Environmental Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act of 1999 were criticized as it just integrated part of existing nature protection laws. In New Zealand, authority to manage natural resources was transferred to local government. Small government had lots of difficulties to implement it as they lack human and financial resources. In response to this situation, Ministry for the Environment strengthens programs to support local governments and amended RMA so that central government could easily establish national standards.

对发达国家的自然资源管理进行了分析，主要关注资源管理的分权是如何实施的以及分权体制下的协作关系是如何建立的。研究结果如下。在德国汉堡市，根据《基本环境规划》，限制郊区开发、建设大规模绿化带、市中心再开发等措施已稳步实施。在德国汉诺威，景观规划该计划是在行政部门、大学和顾问之间的密切合作下制定的，并认识到公众参与发挥了相当重要的作用。在法国，对孚日省维特尔市的流域保护计划进行了调查。矿泉水装瓶厂已投入资金用于流域保护，并与农民达成协议发展有机农业。在澳大利亚，最近联邦政府通过协议和补助金参与各州的自然资源管理政策。然而，1999年《环境保护和生物多样性保护法》受到批评，因为它只是现有自然保护法的一部分。在新西兰，管理自然资源的权力被转移给地方政府。小政府由于缺乏人力和财力，实施起来有很多困难。针对这种情况，环境部加强了对地方政府的支持，并修订了 RMA，以便中央政府能够轻松制定国家标准。