Degradation of organically synthesized herbicides by the symbiosis of plants and endophytes.

植物和内生菌共生对有机合成除草剂的降解。

基本信息

批准号：
13660070
负责人：
OZAWA Takashi
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Osaka Prefecture University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-13660070/
关键词：
endophyte bioremediation symbiosis herbicide simazine rhizosphere environment remediation バイオレメデイエーション

项目摘要

Simazine [2-chloro-4,6-bis(ethylamino)-s-triazine] is extensively used for the control of weeds, and has been detected as a pollutant in ground and surface water in Japan. Many kinds of microorganisms have been shown to degrade s-triazine herbicides. A majority of applications of these microorganisms to the contaminated soils, however, failed to promote the mineralization of the herbicides. It seems to be because of the difficulty for the inocula in persisting in soils and obtaining energy sources from the oligotrophic environments. This report presents that some of the endophytic bacteria isolated from com and soybean effectively degrade simazine in association with the host plants.Tea may and Glycine max were grown on the soils which had been supplied with simazine at the rate of 2.6 g m^<-2> in the previous year. Four strains of Agrobacterium radiobacter and six strains of Bradyrhizobium japonicum were isolated from the surface-sterilized roots of com and soybean, respectively. These isolates grew in a basal liquid medium containing 0.2 mM simazine as a sole nitrogen source. More than 50% of simazine were consumed after 7 days of culture of these isolates. Inoculation of the simazine-degrading A. radiobacte strains to coms resulted in the rapid consumption of simazine in the soils. Soybean is much more sensitive to simazine than com. Formation of nodules by the simazine-degrading B. japonicum, however, increased resistance of soybeans against simazine. These results suggest a possibility of utilization of endophytes for remediation of herbicide-contaminated soils or production of simazine resistant cropping systems.

西玛嗪[2-氯-4,6-双(乙氨基)-s-三嗪]广泛用于控制杂草，在日本已被检测为地下水和地表水中的污染物。多种微生物已被证明可以降解均三嗪除草剂。然而，大多数将这些微生物施用于受污染的土壤时，未能促进除草剂的矿化。这似乎是因为接种物难以在土壤中持久存在并从贫营养环境中获取能源。该报告提出，从玉米和大豆中分离出的一些内生细菌与宿主植物一起有效降解西玛津。茶树和大豆在以 2.6 g m^<-2 的比例提供西玛津的土壤上生长。 > 前一年。从表面灭菌的玉米和大豆根中分别分离出 4 株放射杆菌和 6 株日本慢生根瘤菌。这些分离株在含有 0.2 mM 西玛津作为唯一氮源的基础液体培养基中生长。这些分离株培养 7 天后，超过 50% 的西玛津被消耗。将西玛津降解性放射杆菌菌株接种到玉米中会导致土壤中西玛津的快速消耗。大豆对西玛嗪比玉米更敏感。然而，降解西玛津的日本芽孢杆菌形成根瘤，增加了大豆对西玛津的抗性。这些结果表明利用内生菌修复除草剂污染的土壤或生产西玛嗪抗性种植系统的可能性。