Structure of microbial community that sustain subtropical dry land and coral reef ecosystems in Australia.

维持澳大利亚亚热带旱地和珊瑚礁生态系统的微生物群落结构。

基本信息

批准号：
17405025
负责人：
YAMASAKI Hideo
金额：
$ 2.82万
依托单位：
University of the Ryukyus
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
2005
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2005 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Northeast Australia and Okinawa share subtropical environments that exhibit remarkable biodiversity. There are many unique biotas not only in land area but also n coastal area of those regions. Interestingly, Northeast Australia and Okinawa also share a considerable number of species in spite of the geographic distance. Thus, it is of particular interest to compare Northeast Australia and Okinawa to find a fundamental basis that sustain the unique ecosystems. Recent investigations have suggested that microbial community plays essential roles in sustaining ecosystems and biosphere. This research project aimed to obtain basic information on characteristics of microbial community in Australia and Okinawa. We highlighted two microbial community for the two-yeas project: intestinal bacteria in termites (FY 2005) and endolithic bacteria in reef-building corals (FY 2006) as representative terrestrial and coastal microbial community, respectively.For the source of terrestrial microbial communi … More ty, we collected termites distributed in Australia and attempted to investigate their intestinal microbes and microbial endosymbionts. We have found that the intestinal fauna of the most primitive termite Mastotermes danviniensis play a significant role in cellulose digestion as other termite species including those collected in Okinawa. Comparative analysis between Okinawan and Australian Nasutitermes termites revealed that the intestinal bacteria also produce a variety of cellulolytic enzymes unlike previously suggested. We have successfully parified the bacterial endosymbiont Blattabacterium cuenoti (Bacteriodetes, Flavobacteria) and have estimated the genome size to be 650 kb. The results suggest reduction in genome compared to free-living relatives, and that such reduction is typical in intracellular proteobacterial sympointsFor the source of coastal microbial community, we colleted the colonies of Goniastrea aspera, a reef-building corals from Queensland. Through collaboration with Dr. Andrew Baird of James Cook University, we have successfully collected 20 coral colonies from Nelly Bay of Magnetic Island and Pioneer Bay of Orpheus Island. We analyzed water quality on site to estimate nitrate, nitrite, ammonium ions as well as pH and salinity. The samples collected were processed to extract DNA from each coral skeleton. The analysis of the data is now under going. Less

澳大利亚东北部和冲绳共享亚热带环境，不仅在陆地地区，而且在这些地区的沿海地区也有许多独特的生物群，因此，比较澳大利亚东北部和冲绳以寻找基本依据特别有意义。最近的调查表明，微生物群落在维持生态系统和生物圈方面发挥着重要作用。该研究项目旨在获取有关特征的基本信息。我们在为期两年的项目中重点介绍了两个微生物群落：白蚁肠道细菌（2005 财年）和造礁珊瑚中的内生细菌（2006 财年），分别作为陆地和沿海微生物群落的代表。陆地微生物群落的来源… More ty，我们收集了分布在澳大利亚的白蚁，试图调查它们的肠道微生物和微生物我们发现，最原始的白蚁 Mastotermes danviniensis 的肠道动物群在纤维素消化中发挥着重要作用，与其他白蚁物种（包括冲绳白蚁和澳大利亚 Nasutitermes 白蚁之间的比较分析）表明，肠道细菌也产生多种细菌。与之前建议的不同，我们已经成功纯化了细菌内共生菌Blattabacteruenoti（Bacteriodetes， Flavobacteria），估计基因组大小为 650 kb。结果表明，与自由生活的亲属相比，基因组有所减少，并且这种减少在细胞内变形菌症状中是典型的。对于沿海微生物群落的来源，我们收集了 Goniastrea aspera 的菌落。，来自昆士兰州的造礁珊瑚，通过与詹姆斯库克大学的安德鲁·贝尔德博士合作，我们成功地从磁岛的耐莉湾采集了20个珊瑚群落。我们对奥菲斯岛先锋湾的水质进行了分析，以估算硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐、铵离子以及 pH 值和盐度。目前正在对收集的样本进行提取，以提取 DNA。较少的