A study on the variation in the stratospheric water vapor and the surface area of Polar Stratospheric Clouds of the future atmosphere

未来大气平流层水汽变化及极地平流层云表面积的研究

基本信息

批准号：
13640444
负责人：
AKIYOSHI Hideharu
金额：
$ 1.86万
依托单位：
National Institute for Environmental Studies
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2003
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Calculations were performed by a 1-D chemistry-radiation coupled model in order to study the effects of sulfuric aerosols increased by a volcanic eruption on climate. The size distribution of the sulfuric aerosols was assumed in the calculation based on the lidar and balloon observations. The surface area was calculated from the size distribution. It is found that the ozone decrease due. to the heterogeneous reactions on the sulfuric aerosols accelerates the temperature recovery from the warming due to the absorption of the infrared radiation by the aerosols. We included the sulfate chemistry into the CCSR/NIES chemical climate model (CCM) and successfully simulated the 3-dimensional (3-D) distribution of sulfuric aerosols. A 3-D nudging chemical transport model (CTM) was also developed from the CCSR/NIES CCM and used to investigate the low total ozone values less than 220 DU in the subtropical Western Pacific in winter. The results show that the effect of heterogeneous reactions on ICE and NAT particles on the ozone amount is about 2-3 DU, which is smaller than the ozone variation due to QBO (around 5 DU), but not negligible. The low ozone amount in this region should be monitored carefully in the future.A CTM calculation was performed with stratospheric water vapor amounts increased artificially by 1 ppmv to investigate the water vapor effect on Ozone Hole in the future atmosphere. We could not find any dramatic change in the ozone hole of the model. Although the size distribution and the refractive index of the aerosols were assumed based on observations for this calculation, it is not necessarily true that these parameters are also acceptable for the future atmosphere. A correct knowledge of the water vapor effect on ozone depletion in the future atmosphere will not be obtained until the mechanisms of water vapor transport are correctly understood.

通过1-D化学辐射耦合模型进行计算，以研究通过火山喷发对气候的硫化气溶胶的影响。基于LiDAR和气球观测，在计算中假定硫酸气溶胶的尺寸分布。根据尺寸分布计算表面积。发现应得的臭氧减少。由于气溶胶吸收了红外辐射，因此对硫化气溶胶的异质反应加速了温度的恢复。我们将硫酸盐化学纳入了CCSR/NIES化学气候模型（CCM）中，并成功模拟了硫酸气溶胶的3维（3-D）分布。 CCSR/NIES CCM也开发了3-D裸化学转运模型（CTM），用于研究冬季亚热带西太平洋中低于220 DU的低臭氧值。结果表明，异质反应对冰和NAT颗粒对臭氧量的影响约为2-3 dU，它小于QBO引起的臭氧变异（约5 DU），但不容易忽略。将来应仔细监测该区域的低臭氧量。通过平流层水蒸气量通过1 ppmv进行了CTM计算，以研究未来大气中对臭氧孔的水蒸气效应。我们在模型的臭氧孔中找不到任何急剧变化。尽管根据该计算的观察，假定了气溶胶的尺寸分布和折射率，但不一定确实可以接受这些参数对于未来的大气而言也可以接受。直到正确理解水蒸气运输的机理，才能获得对水蒸气对臭氧耗竭作用的正确了解。