Toward Improved Understanding of Fundamental Processes Controlling the Size-Resolved Properties of Particles in the Stratosphere

提高对控制平流层粒子尺寸分辨特性的基本过程的理解

• 批准号: 2325458
• 负责人: Fangqun Yu
• 金额: $ 59.93万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-12-15 至 2026-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2325458&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Toward; Improved; Understanding; Fundamental; Processes

In this research project, the PI will study the physical and chemical processes that control stratospheric aerosols which will advance our ability to characterize and understand phenomena associated with volcanic emissions and their resultant climate and chemistry impacts. There is a clear need to better understand stratospheric aerosol processes and this work will address existing data gaps related to new particle formation in the stratosphere. Specifically, the three data gaps to be addressed in this work are: (1) What are the key parameters that control new particle formation in the stratosphere and how extendible are the existing tropospheric models to stratospheric conditions? (2) What are the underlying microphysical and transport processes that lead to the observed aerosol properties that are not captured by existing models? (3) What are possible explanations for the shorter-than-observed model simulated stratospheric aerosol lifetime after major volcanic eruptions? These data gaps will be addressed via the following tasks. First, new mechanisms of particle nucleation in the stratosphere will be developed. Second, the processes which lead to the observed bimodal structure in accumulation mode particles in the stratosphere that are currently not captured in models will be studied. Third, potential reasons for faster-than-observed reductions in post-volcanic sulfate mass burdens in current models will be examined. The results and new parameterizations will be implemented via an Advanced Particle Microphysics model within the widely used GEOS-Chem model. This project will support and train a postdoctoral researcher, a graduate, and an undergraduate student, plus provide research experience for underrepresented high school senior students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在这个研究项目中，首席研究员将研究控制平流层气溶胶的物理和化学过程，这将提高我们描述和理解与火山排放相关的现象及其由此产生的气候和化学影响的能力。显然需要更好地了解平流层气溶胶过程，这项工作将解决与平流层新颗粒形成相关的现有数据差距。具体来说，这项工作要解决的三个数据差距是：（1）控制平流层中新粒子形成的关键参数是什么？现有对流层模型对平流层条件的可扩展性如何？ (2) 导致观察到的气溶胶特性未被现有模型捕获的潜在微物理和传输过程是什么？ (3) 对于重大火山喷发后模型模拟的平流层气溶胶寿命短于观测的可能解释是什么？这些数据差距将通过以下任务来解决。首先，将开发平流层中粒子成核的新机制。其次，将研究导致平流层中累积模式粒子中观察到的双峰结构的过程，这些过程目前尚未在模型中捕获。第三，将研究当前模型中火山后硫酸盐质量负担减少速度快于观察到的潜在原因。结果和新的参数化将通过广泛使用的 GEOS-Chem 模型中的高级粒子微物理模型来实现。该项目将支持和培训一名博士后研究员、一名研究生和一名本科生，并为代表性不足的高中生提供研究经验。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准。