Study on the mechanism of the riparian trees expansion in a gravel-bed river and an approach to that management

砾石河道河岸树木扩张机理及治理方法研究

• 批准号: 12650505
• 负责人: SHIMIZU Yoshihiko
• 金额: $ 2.3万
• 依托单位: Gunma University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2001
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12650505/
• 关键词: Riparian trees; Gravel bed-river; Robinia pseudo-acacia; 2D-flow model; Critical tractive force; Instream vegetation; 一般化座標系平面流数値計算; 動的樹林化; 一般化座標系平面流数値計; 樹林化; 一般化座標系平面流解析; 高水敷侵食; 掃流力

Recently riparian trees in the course of gravel bed-river have extremely increased and enlarged their covered-area over bars and flood plain. Such a situation brings about problems of river management for the environmental aspects as well as the safety of rivers against flood. In order to clarify such problems, we should get the knowledge about how the instream vegetation grow up and expand their covered zones in the gravel-bed river. In this study, the cause of the excessive growth of Robinia pseudo-acacia was examined in the segment-1 reach of Watarase River. Especially, from the investigation of the annual rings of tree, it was clear that some forests of Robinia pseudo-acacia in bars were formed right after of the main flood. We show that the floods cause change of generation of the trees and rapidly expansion by the germination from fallen trees makes the excessive growth of riverine trees. Based on the field study and numerical analysis with 2D- flow model, the critical tractive force to be an index of the scale of flood disturbance is evaluated and results show that the damage scale of the riparian trees depends on the size of the critical tractive force and bed-degradation.

最近，砾石河床河道中的河岸树木大大增加，并扩大了它们在沙坝和洪泛平原上的覆盖面积。这种情况给河流管理、环境方面以及河流防洪安全带来了问题。为了弄清楚这些问题，我们应该了解砾石河道内的植被是如何生长和扩大其覆盖范围的。本研究对渡良濑川第1段河段刺槐过度生长的原因进行了调查。特别是从树木年轮的调查可以看出，一些酒吧刺槐林是在主洪水之后形成的。我们发现，洪水导致树木世代变化，倒下的树木发芽而迅速扩张，使得河流树木过度生长。基于现场研究和二维流模型数值分析，对作为洪水扰动规模指标的临界牵引力进行了评估，结果表明，河岸树木的受损程度取决于临界牵引力的大小和床降解。

项目成果

清水義彦: "河道内樹林化と流れ・移動床過程について"日本学術会議メカニクス・構造研究連絡委員会,第50回理論応用力学講演会講演論文集. 50巻. 53-54 (2001)

Yoshihiko Shimizu：“论河道造林和流动/移动床过程”第 50 届理论与应用力学会议论文集，力学与结构联络委员会，日本科学理事会第 50 卷 53-54（2001 年）。

Yoshihiko SHIMIZU, Shigeki KOBATAKE, Satoshi OKADA, Takayuki ARAFUNE, Takumi IWASAKI: "Study on the expansion of riverine trees in gravel-bed river caused by flood disturbance"Advances in River Engineering, JSCE. Vol. 6. 59-64 (2000)

Yoshihiko SHIMIZU、Shigeki KOBATAKE、Satoshi OKADA、Takayuki ARAFUNE、Takumi IWASAKI：“洪水干扰引起的砾石河道中河道树木扩张的研究”河流工程进展，JSCE。

Yoshihiko SHIMIZU: "The study on the riverine trees expansion caused by the flood disturbance"The 50^<th> Nat. Cong. of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. 53-54 (2001)

清水义彦：“洪水扰动引起的河道树木扩张的研究”第50届Nat.

清水義彦, 小葉竹重機, 新船隆行: "樹林化河道の洪水流況と浮遊砂輸送に関する数値計算"土木学会水工学論文集. 44巻. 819-824 (2000)

Yoshihiko Shimizu、Kobatake Juki、Takayuki Shinfune：“森林河道洪水流条件和悬浮泥沙输送的数值计算”日本土木工程学会水利工程学报，第 44 卷，819-824（2000 年）。

Yoshihiko SHIMIZU, Shigeki KOBATAKE, Satoshi OKADA: "Study on the expansion of robinia pseudo-acacia in gravel-bed river caused by flood disturbance"Annual Journal of Hydraulic Engineering, JSCE. Vol. 45. 1099-1104 (2001)

清水义彦、小畑茂树、冈田聪：“洪水扰动引起的碎石床河中刺槐扩张的研究”，日本水利工程学报，水利工程学报。