International Comparative Research on the Job Creation by Deregulation of Labour Market and Public Relief Work Project

劳动力市场放松管制创造就业与公共救济工程的国际比较研究

基本信息

批准号：
12630051
负责人：
GOKA Kazumichi
金额：
$ 1.09万
依托单位：
Kanazawa University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12630051/
关键词：
Deregulation of Labour Market Private Employment Agency Subcontracting Project Public Work Relief Project Urgent Local Job Creation Project Job Creation 公的雇用創出事業雇用の弾力化

项目摘要

The Japanese labour market has exhibited more flexibility in recent years. It has done so in two areas. One has been a reduction in the number of regular employees. The other area has been in the utilization of various forms of irregular or atypical employees, such as temporary, dispatched, and casual workers etc. The total number of employees is decreasing. Thus, deregulation of labour market has not brought about the improvement of structural unemployment, but the increase of precarious employees with short and fixed term contract.We investigated private employment agencies and subcontractors. Some of them illegally dispatched the workers to production lines of user factory. The gap of working condition between regular employees of user and dispatched workers has widened. Most irregular employees usually earn much less than regular ones. Therefore, replacement of regular employees with temporary dispatched workers means the increase in the ratio of low-wage earners among all employee … More s. Flexibility of employment will no doubt allow companies to increase efficiency by cutting labour costs, but will also impose difficulties on Japanese economy by curtailing demand in the domestic market.We also studied the effect of the public unemployment relief work project funded by the government. It is scheduled to run up to 550 billion yen for six years from 1999 to 2004. This relief work project is utterly different from the deregulation of labour market. It surely offers jobs to the unemployed people, even if each employment term is limited for less than 6 months.In Sweden, on the one hand, the government has promoted privatization of some public sectors and allowed private employment agencies to run business. However, dispatched workers are protected by the collective agreement between the employers and trade union, unlike Japan. The government has also promoted the active labour market policy. The relief work projects are connected with various vocational training. On the other hand, the public sectors offer job opportunities to the people, and a lot of employees are still working at the public welfare and care sectors. Less

近年来，日本劳动力市场表现出更大的灵活性。它在两个领域都这样做。一种是减少普通员工的人数。另一个领域一直在利用各种形式的不规则或非典型员工，例如临时，派遣和休闲工人等。员工总数正在减少。这就是劳动力市场的放松管制并没有带来结构性失业的改善，而是稳定的雇员增加了短期和固定期限的合同。我们调查了私人雇员机构和分包商。他们中的一些人非法将工人派往用户工厂的生产线。用户和派遣工人的常规员工之间的工作条件差距已扩大。大多数不规则的员工通常比普通员工少得多。因此，用临时派遣工人替换普通员工意味着所有员工中低薪老年人的比率增加……更多。就业的灵活性无疑将使公司通过降低劳动力成本来提高效率，但也将通过减少国内市场的需求来对日本经济造成困难。我们还研究了政府资助的公共失业救济工作项目的影响。从1999年到2004年，它计划在六年中运行高达5500亿日元。该救济工作项目与劳动力市场的放松管制完全不同。它肯定会为失业者提供工作，即使每个就业期限少于6个月。在瑞典，一方面，政府已促进了一些公共部门的隐私，并允许私人就业机构经营业务。但是，与日本不同，派遣工人受到雇员与工会之间的集体协议的保护。政府还促进了积极的劳动力市场政策。救济工作项目与各种职业培训有关。另一方面，公共部门为人民提供工作机会，许多员工仍在公共福利和护理部门工作。较少的