Fertility and mortality regime in the north-eastern Japanese population: 2Oth-early 20th century

日本东北部人口的生育率和死亡率状况：20世纪20年代至20世纪初

基本信息

批准号：
12610213
负责人：
TAKAGI Masao
金额：
$ 1.92万
依托单位：
Ritsumeikan University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2000
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2000 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

[1] This research project has aimed at two subjects which must be able to enhance its traditional and standard level of the Japanese historical demography. Firstly, we have attempted to use not only population resister but also all kinds of source materials that have important relationship between population listings and all other materials, for examples pregnancy register, death records, landholding registers, and so on Secondly, with relation to research field and to collection of original source materials, we have focused on north-eastern region of the Japanese island where is rich in original source materials. We have gotten as much materials as possible, which ought to merit our project.[2] This project, on the other hand, has gotten four year's research fund as the continued research project from the grant-in-aid for science research, we have expanded its research concept, members and research strategy. This does really means that the "abstracts" has touched only a few aspects of fertility and mortality regime of population who had existed for a hundred years.[3] Japan's mortality crisis in the era of pre-modern and early-modern stage gave serious damage on lay population who lived under the volatile economic circumstances. Especially three notorious famines, Horeki(1756), Tenmei(1784), and Tempo famine(1837), were well known disaster that left scars on the population size of the north-eastern Japanese area. Impacts of three famines, however, have not necessarily been estimated on the basis of statistical method but on qualitative documents written by literate persons who lived the same age. Conclusions are as follows: The first famine resulted in only 3% loss of total population. The second and third one marked respectively, however, 14 and 22% loss compared with each previous year, when no signs of disaster had obviously been observed by residents.

[1]该研究项目针对的两个主题必须能够提高其传统和标准的日本历史人口统计学水平。首先，我们不仅试图使用人口撤退，还尝试使用各种人口清单与所有其他材料之间具有重要关系的原始材料，例如，怀孕登记册，死亡记录，土地持有登记册等，其次与研究有关田地和收集原始材料的收集，我们专注于日本岛的东北地区，那里有丰富的原始材料。我们已经获得了尽可能多的材料，应该值得我们的项目。[2]另一方面，随着科学研究赠款的持续研究项目，该项目已获得了四年的研究基金，我们扩大了其研究概念，成员和研究策略。这确实意味着“摘要”只触及了已经存在一百年的人口的生育和死亡率制度的几个方面。[3]日本的死亡率危机在前现代和早期现代阶段时代对生活在经济动荡的经济环境中的外行人口的严重破坏。特别是三个臭名昭著的饥荒，Horeki（1756），Tenmei（1784）和Tempo饥荒（1837年），是众所周知的灾难，在日本东北地区的人口大小上留下了伤痕。但是，三个饥荒的影响不一定是根据统计方法估算的，而是基于生活年龄的有识字人士撰写的定性文件。结论如下：第一个饥荒仅导致总人口损失3％。然而，第二和第三个标记的损失分别为14％和22％，而居民显然没有观察到灾难的迹象。