Genetic analysis of HIV/SIV and HTLV/STLV in Africa -Elucidation of Their Origins and Evolution

非洲 HIV/SIV 和 HTLV/STLV 的遗传分析 - 阐明其起源和进化

• 批准号: 12376002
• 负责人: IDO Eiji
• 金额: $ 19.39万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2000 至 2003
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-12376002/
• 关键词: HIV; HTLV; STLV; genetic analysis; central Africa; AIDS; AIDS; 霊長類レトロウイルス; 霊長類レトロウィルス

The two primate retrovirus groups, HIV/SIV and HTLV/STLV, are now known to be genetically related each other and constitute a huge viral superfamily. Accumulated knowledges on the genetical analyses and the way of transmission of these two viral groups indicated that both groups appear to have been transmitting zoonotically. To elucidate the origins and evolution of these two virus groups, we conducted serosurveys and phylogenetic analyses of these viruses among AIDS patients, healthy persons, and Pygmy people, an ethnic minority in Central Africa (Cameroon, Republic of Congo, and Democratic Republic of Congo).Seroprevalece of Pygmies was unexpectedly low, and the viruses, if any, were considered to have been transmitted from neighboring Bantu residents judged from genetic data of the isolated ones. Detailed genetic analyses of HIV-1 from AIDS patients have revealed that the viral genomes are not only highly diversified but also frequently mosaic, which means that the genomes are mostly recombinant forms. From the survey among various monkey species, we firstly isolated a new SIV from black mangabeys captured in Democratic Republic of Congo. The phylogenetic position of this virus (SIVblm) is very unique, and interestingly a part of its pol genomic region (RnaseH) is genetically very close to that of the Ant strain, one of the oldest HIV 1 strain, suggesting that the genome of present HIV 1 might be mosaic and its origin is partly from this monkey species.

现在已知两个灵长类动物逆转录病毒组，HIV/SIV和HTLV/STLV，彼此相互关联，构成了巨大的病毒超家族。在遗传分析和这两个病毒群的传播方式上积累的知识表明，这两组似乎都在自杀。为了阐明这两个病毒组的起源和进化，我们在艾滋病患者，健康的人和矮人人群中对这些病毒进行了血清外科和系统发育分析，中非是刚非族，刚果共和国，刚果共和国和刚果民主共和国的少数族裔。从孤立数据的遗传数据中判断的相邻班图族居民。来自艾滋病患者的HIV-1的详细遗传分析表明，病毒基因组不仅是高度多样化的，而且经常是镶嵌性的，这意味着基因组主要是重组形式。从各种猴子物种之间的调查中，我们首先将新的SIV与刚果民主共和国捕获的黑人芒果分离。该病毒（SIVBLM）的系统发育位置非常独特，有趣的是，其POL基因组区域（RNASEH）的一部分在遗传上非常接近蚂蚁菌株的HIV 1菌株之一，这是最古老的HIV 1菌株之一，这表明当前的HIV 1的基因组可能是摩西菌的基因组，并且其起源是部分来自该猴子。

项目成果

Takehisa, J., Harada, Y., Hayami, M., et al.: "Natural Infection of wild-born mandrills(Mandrillus sphinx)with two different types of simian immunodeficiency virus"AIDS Res.Hum.Retroviruses. 17. 1143-1154 (2001)

Takehisa, J.、Harada, Y.、Hayami, M.等人：“两种不同类型的猿猴免疫缺陷病毒对野生山魈（Mandrillus sphinx）的自然感染”AIDS Res.Hum.Retroviruses。

Taniguchi Y., Takehisa J., Bikandou B., et al.: "genetic subtypes of HIV type 1 based on the vpu/env sequences in the Republic of Congo"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. 18. 79-83 (2002)

Taniguchi Y.、Takehisa J.、Bikandou B. 等人：“基于刚果共和国的 vpu/env 序列的 HIV 1 型遗传亚型”AIDS Res。

Ndembi N., Yumo H., Takehisa J., et al.: "HIV-1 infection in Pygmy hunter gatherers is from contact with Bantu rather than from nonhuman primates"AIDS Res. Hum. Retroviruses. (in press).

Ndembi N.、Yumo H.、Takehisa J. 等人：“俾格米狩猎采集者中的 HIV-1 感染是由于与班图人接触而不是来自非人类灵长类动物”艾滋病研究。

Takemura, T., Yamashita, M., Shimada, M., Ohkura, S., Shotake, T., Ikeda, M., Miura, T., Hayami, M.: "High prevalence of simian T-lymphotropic virus type L in wild Ethiopian Baboons"J.Virol.. 76. 1642-1648 (2002)

Takemura, T.、Yamashita, M.、Shimada, M.、Ohkura, S.、Shotake, T.、Ikeda, M.、Miura, T.、Hayami, M.：“猿 T 淋巴细胞病毒型的高流行率

Takehisa, J., Harada, Y., et al.: "Natural infection of wild-born mandrills (Mandrillus sphinx) with two different types of simian immunodeficiency virus."AIDS Res.Hum. Retroviruses. 17(12). 1143-1154 (2001)

Takehisa, J.、Harada, Y. 等人：“野生山魈（Mandrillus sphinx）自然感染两种不同类型的猿猴免疫缺陷病毒。”AIDS Res.Hum。