Variation in chloroplast microsatellite loci among wild and cultivated species of Emmer wheat

野生和栽培二粒小麦叶绿体微卫星位点的变异

基本信息

批准号：
11833011
负责人：
MORI Naoki
金额：
$ 1.98万
依托单位：
KOBE UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

It is generally accepted that cultivated Emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccum Schubl.) originated from its wild ancestor (T.dicoccoides Korn.) by domestication about eight thousand years ago, somewhere in the Fertile Crescent. To study the origin of the cultivated Emmer wheat, allelic diversity in eight microsatellite loci of the chloroplast genome was investigated using 100 accessions of T.dicoccum and 72 accessions of T.dicoccoides. Five accessions of=T.paleocolchicum Men., two of T.durum L.and one each of T.aestivum L., T.carthlicum Nevski, T.ispahanicum Heslot, T.polonicum L.and T.turgidum L.were analyzed as references. The number of repeats in each locus was determined using PCR followed by PAGE.Polymorphic band patterns were obtained at seven out of the eight loci. As for the polymorphic microsatellites, the number of alleles per locus ranged from two to five with an average of 2.92. Nei's allelic diversity was estimated for each locus within each species. The average allelic diversity of T.dicoccoides (0.349) was about 3.2 times larger than that of T.dicoccum (0.109). One plastotype representing 80 % of the T.dicoccum accession and all accessions of references was identical to that of T.aestivum cv Chinese Spring. Whereas this major plastotype of the cultivated wheat was identified only in six T.dicoccoides accessions collected in one region in the north western Fertile Crescent. In addition to this major maternal lineage, we have identified a minor lineage from the wild Emmer to the cultivated Emmer wheat. These results suggest that there are at least two maternal lineages in cultivated Emmer wheat, and that the domestication of Emmer wheat with the major plastotype occurred in the north western Fertile Crescent.

人们普遍认为，栽培的鹰嘴小麦（Triticum dicoccum schubl。）源自其野生祖先（T. dicoccoides korn。），大约八千年前，在肥沃的新月中。为了研究栽培的小麦的起源，使用100个t.dicoccum和72个t.dicoccoides的添加剂研究了叶绿体基因组的八个微卫星基因座的等位基因多样性。 = t. durum l.的两个= t. duroum l.的五个加入和T.Carthlicum nevski，T.ispahanicum Heslot，T.polonicum L.和T.turgidum l. t.turgidum l. t.turgidum l. t.carthlicum nevski，t。使用PCR随后随页面确定每个基因座中的重复序列。至于多态微卫星，每个基因座的等位基因的数量范围为2到5，平均为2.92。估计了每个物种中每个基因座的NEI等位基因多样性。 T.dicoccoides的平均等位基因多样性（0.349）大约是T.dicoccum（0.109）的3.2倍。一种塑料型，代表t.dicoccum登录的80％和参考的所有加入与T.Aestivum CV中国春季相同。而这种主要的耕种小麦的主要塑料仅在西北肥沃的新月中一个区域收集的六个t. dicoccoides饰品中鉴定出来。除了这种主要的母体谱系外，我们还确定了从野生汁到栽培的emmer小麦的小谱系。这些结果表明，在耕种的Emmer小麦中，至少有两个母体谱系，而Emmer小麦的驯化具有主要的塑性型，它发生在西北肥沃的新月形中。