Studies on Growth and Meat Productivity of F_1 Cattle of Brahman X Japanese Black, Japanese Shorthorn, and Holstein Friesian . - Usefulness of the genetic character of Brahman Cattle -

婆罗门牛×日本黑毛牛、日本短角牛、荷斯坦弗里斯兰F_1牛生长及产肉率的研究。

基本信息

批准号：
61440020
负责人：
MIZUMA Yutaka
金额：
$ 11.2万
依托单位：
TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Twenty five of F_1 cattle(ZB,ZN and ZB) breeded by Japanese Black(BB), Japanese Short Horn(NN), and Holstein(HH) were produced in Experimental Farm of Tohoku University by means of A.I. with the semen of Brahman(ZZ) imported from Australia.1.Growth of F_1 calves: Heterosis were found on birth weights of F_1 and they are 113%(ZB),137%(ZN) and 125%(ZH) compared with purebreds. Gestation periods of F_1 groups were 5 to 7 days longer and body weights at 18 months of F_1 groups were about 50 Kg heavier than purebreds. 2.Utilization of roughage and basal metabolism: Utilization of roughage by 18 months old steers of ZB and BB with low quality timothy hay was investigated. Digestibility of neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber and dry matter of ZB were better than BB, but there were no differences on intake of hay. Basal metabolic rate of ZB was lower than BB calculated from respiration rate, expiration and heart rate. 3.Behavior and growth rate on pasture: Grass intakes of F_1 groups … More were more than purebreds, whereas purebreds almost never took it in the daytime. Walking distance per day of F_1 groups were 1.4 to 1.9 times long, and it was suggested that number of species of grass intake , feed intake and growth rates per feed intake were better than purebreds. Growth rate of 17 to 20 months old steers for 145 days on pasture were 93Kg(ZB:n=4) and 37Kg(BB:n=8), in spite of same average body weight at beginning. 4.Disease resistance for grazing: F_1 groups showed the disease resistance for Bovine Theileriosis and number of parasite of Horn Fly and House Fly within a year were lower in F_1.5.Fattening performance of steers: Days of fattening in F_1 groups were 50 and 90 shorter than NN and BB, respectively. F_1 groups have thinner back fat thickness, smaller lib eye area and lower dressing percentage. But, sensuous test, they can circulate as a popular meat. Analysis of fatty acids of meat and molecular weight distribution, F_1have genetic characters of Brahman. 6.Japanese breeds do not have such lower basal metabolic rate, high utilization of roughage and good grazing adaptability as Brahman, and it have remarkable genetic characters and is useful. Less

东北大学实验农场采用婆罗门精液，采用人工智能技术培育出日本黑毛牛（BB）、日本短角牛（NN）和荷斯坦牛（HH）的F_1牛（ZB、ZN和ZB）25头。 ZZ)澳大利亚进口。1.F_1犊牛生长情况：F_1初生体重存在杂种优势，与纯种相比，F_1组妊娠期延长113%（ZB）、137%（ZN）和125%（ZH），F_1组18个月时体重比纯种2重约50 Kg。 .粗饲料利用及基础代谢：18月龄低质ZB、BB公牛粗饲料利用对蒂莫西干草进行了研究，ZB 的中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和干物质的消化率均优于 BB，但从呼吸频率、呼气频率和呼吸频率计算，ZB 干草的摄入量没有差异。 3.牧场行为及生长速度：F_1组的草摄入量比纯种犬多，而纯种犬白天几乎不吃草。 F_1组每天的行走距离是145头纯种公牛的1.4～1.9倍，表明其采草种类数、采食量和单位采食量的生长速度均优于纯种公牛。尽管开始时平均体重相同，但放牧天数分别为93公斤（ZB：n = 4）和37公斤（BB：n = 8）。 4.抗病性。放牧用：F_1组对牛泰勒虫病的抗病能力以及一年内角蝇和家蝇的寄生虫数量均低于F_1.5。公牛育肥性能：F_1组育肥天数比NN短50天和90天和 BB 组分别具有较薄的背部脂肪厚度、较小的眼部面积和较低的修整率，但从感官测试来看，它们可以作为流行的脂肪进行分析。肉酸和分子量分布，F_1具有婆罗门的遗传特征。 6、日本品种没有婆罗门的基础代谢率低、粗饲料利用率高、放牧适应性好，遗传性状显着，实用性较差。