Genetic studies on the cultivation processes of common buckwheat

普通荞麦栽培过程的遗传研究

• 批准号: 10460005
• 负责人: OHNISHI Ohmi
• 金额: $ 0.38万
• 依托单位: KYOTO UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 1999
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10460005/
• 关键词: Common buckwheat; wild ancestor; non-shattering habit gene; AFLP; domestication; アロザイム; RAPD; 系統類縁関係

The shatterring-nonshatterring habit of common buckwheat is controlled by a single locus (sht). The wild ancestor of common buckwheat, F. esculentum ssp. ancestrale is dominant homozygote Sht/Sht and cultivars are recessive homozygotes sht/sht and show the non-shattering habit. Since natural populations of the wild ancestor is heterostylous outcrossing, they maintain cultivation specific non-shattring allele sht at low frequency (the highest 3% in the Yanyuan population of Sichuan province). These non-shattering habit gene is believed to be utilized at the time of domestication. F. homodtropicum, another wild species closely related to common buckwheat, is a selffertilizing species, hence intuitively it seems to be domesticated more easily. However, this species does not maintain a non-shattering habit gene in populations, hence have not have a chance to be domesticated.AFLP analyses of cultivated and wild subspecies of common buckwheat revealed that the natural populations of the wild ancestor from eastern Tibet are most closely related to cultivated land races. This probably implies that eastern Tibet as well as northwestern Yunnan must be considered as a candidate of birth place of common buckwheat.

普通荞麦的非震动习惯由单个基因座（SHT）控制。普通荞麦的野生祖先F. esculentum ssp。 Ancestrale是主要的纯合子SHT/SHT，品种是隐性纯合子SHT/SHT，并显示出非惊人的习惯。由于野生祖先的天然种群是杂词脱落的，因此它们以低频（四川省Yanyuan人口中最高3％）保持特定的耕种非shtring等位基因SHT。据信，这些非惊人的习惯基因在驯化时被使用。 F.同型与常见的荞麦密切相关的另一个野生物种是一种封装的物种，因此从直觉上讲，它似乎更容易被驯化。但是，该物种在人群中并不能保持非惊人的习惯基因，因此没有机会被驯化。对普通荞麦的耕种和野生亚种的分析表明，来自西藏东部的野生祖先的自然种群与耕地种族最密切相关。这可能意味着西藏以及西北云南必须被视为普通荞麦的出生地候选人。

项目成果

Ohnishi, O.: "Non-shattering habit gene (sht), chlorophyll-deficient and other detrimental genes concealed in natural populations of the wild ancestor of common buckwheat"Fagopyrum. Vol.16. 23-28 (1999)

Ohnishi, O.：“普通荞麦野生祖先”Fagopyrum 的自然种群中隐藏着非破坏性习性基因 (sht)、叶绿素缺乏和其他有害基因。

Ohnishi,O.: "Non-shattering habit gene(sht), chlorophyII-deficient and other detrimental genes concealed in natural populations of the wild ancestor of common buckwheat"Fagopyrum. 16. 23-28 (1999)

Ohnishi,O.：“普通荞麦野生祖先”Fagopyrum 的自然群体中隐藏着非粉碎习性基因 (sht)、叶绿素 II 缺乏和其他有害基因。

Ohnishi,O.: "Search for the wild ancestor of buckwheat. III.The wild ancestor of cultivated common buckwheat,and of tatary buckwheat." Economic Botany. 52 No.2. 123-133 (1998)

Ohnishi,O.：“寻找荞麦的野生祖先。III.栽培普通荞麦和鞑靼荞麦的野生祖先。”

Ohnishi O.: "Non-shattering habit gene (sht), chlorophyll-deficient and other detrimental genes concealed in natural populations of the wild ancestor of common buckwheat"Fagopyrum. 16. 23-28 (1999)

Ohnishi O.：“普通荞麦野生祖先”Fagopyrum 的自然群体中隐藏着不破碎的习性基因（sht）、叶绿素缺乏和其他有害基因。