Material characterization of biomieneralization in marine animals and hydrothermal events in the deep sea

海洋动物生物矿化和深海热液事件的材料表征

• 批准号: 08640614
• 负责人: NAKAI Izumi
• 金额: $ 1.6万
• 依托单位: Science University of Tokyo
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1996
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1996 至 1997
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08640614/
• 关键词: marine animals; biominerals; XAFS; chemical speciation; Vestimentifera sp.; Calyptogena soyae; synchrotron radiation; sulfur; 熱水噴出孔

Chemical state analysis sulfur in Calyptogena soyae (Shirourigai) from Sagami Bay and Vestimentifera sp. (Haorimushi) has been carried out to reveal dynamics of materials in deep sea hydrothermal deposits. S K-XAFS spectra of these animals were measured at beam line 8B of Photon Factory, KEK, Tsukuba. A comparison of the spectra with standard specimens shows that both animals contain elemental sulfur, and Vestimentifera sp. Contains additional tetravalent or hexavalent sulfur in their bodies. The analysis of chemical forms of sulfur by infrared spectra was unsuccessful and such information could be revealed only by XANES analysis. SEM-EDX analysis has disclosed existence of spherules of elemental sulfur in the samples. It is found that chimney products are composed of amorphous silica. The effusive materials at Iheya contain Si, Mn, Ca, Fe, Cl and S ; calcite and kutnohorite are identified as minerals, while those at Izena contain Si, Ba, S, Fe, Zn, Cl and B ; minerals identified are barite and α-sulfur. Quantitative analyses of EXAFS oscillation were difficult to do because of the serious interference from chlorine ion, whose origin was sea water. We have started to introduce solid NMR technique into our research of biomineralization, because many biominerals contain Si and P as amorphous phases. We have also studied biomineralization of the teeth of Chiton, Acanthopleura Japonica and revealed the existence of difference in biomineralization among the species. The analysis of the trace elements in otolith of eels revealed the migration characteristics of the eels.

对来自相模湾的 Calyptogena soyae (Shirourigai) 和 Vestimentifera sp. (Haorimushi) 中的硫进行了化学状态分析，以揭示这些动物在深海热液矿床中的物质动态，并在光束线 8B 处进行了测量。光子工厂，KEK，筑波 光谱与标准样本的比较表明，两种动物都含有元素硫，并且Vestimentifera sp. 体内含有额外的四价或六价硫。通过红外光谱对硫的化学形态进行分析未成功，此类信息只能通过 SEM-EDX 分析揭示出元素硫球体的存在。样品发现，Iheya 的烟囱产物由无定形二氧化硅组成，其中含有 Si、Mn、Ca、 Fe、Cl 和 S；方解石和菱铁矿被鉴定为矿物，而 Izena 的矿物含有 Si、Ba、S、Fe、Zn、Cl 和 B；鉴定的矿物是重晶石和 α-硫。 EXAFS 振荡难以定量分析。由于氯离子的严重干扰，氯离子的来源是海水，我们已经开始将固体核磁共振技术引入到我们的生物矿化研究中，因为许多生物矿物都含有硅。我们还研究了鳖、Acanthopleura Japonica牙齿的生物矿化，揭示了鳗鱼耳石中微量元素的存在差异。

项目成果

中井 泉(分担): "機器分析ガイドブック" 丸善(株), 1093 (1996)

中井泉（撰稿人）：《仪器分析指南》丸善株式会社，1093（1996）

R. Miyawaki and I. Nakai: "Crystal structure of rare-earth minerals."10th. Supplement Rare Earth. #31. 1-14 (1997)

R. Miyawaki 和 I. Nakai：“稀土矿物的晶体结构。”10。

C.Numako: "XAFS studies of iron in the teeth of Chiton Acanthopleura Japonica"J.Phys.IV FRANCE. C・2. 615-616 (1997)

C.Numako：“Chiton Acanthopleura Japonica 牙齿中铁的 XAFS 研究”J.Phys.IV C·2 (1997)。

沼子千弥: "蛍光XAFS法による生体鉱物の非破壊状態分析"X線分析の進歩. 27. 221-234 (1996)

Chiya Numako：“通过荧光 XAFS 方法对生物矿物进行非破坏性状态分析”X 射线分析进展 27. 221-234 (1996)。

S.Homma: "Direct detection of mercury-bound metalloproteins using a combination of gel electrophoresis and one dimensional SR-XRF analysis"Anal.Lett. 29・4. 601-611 (1996)

S. Homma：“结合凝胶电泳和一维 SR-XRF 分析直接检测汞结合金属蛋白”，Anal 29·4（1996）。