Studies on the response of trees to drought- and heat-stress under climate changes

气候变化下树木对干旱和热应激的响应研究

基本信息

批准号：
08456074
负责人：
KOBAYASHI Tatsuaki
金额：
$ 4.29万
依托单位：
Chiba University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 1997
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1.Effects on photosynthetic processes The responses to heat and water stress were studied for Stewartia pseudocamellia (Sp), Stewartia monadelpha (Sm), Cornus florida (Cf), Liriodendron tulipifera (Lt) and Quercus serrata (Qs). Carbo-oxylation efficiency and photon yield of Sp decreased on 40ﾟC.Stomatal conductance of Cf and Lt was suppressed and recovered after treatment. The effect was seldom observed on Qs. Due to complex effect of heat and water stress, the photosynthetic processes of Sm and Cf were inhibited under the more mild condition than single stress.2.Heat effects on reproductive organ Treatment of high temperature 40ﾟC did not affected the vegetative growth of Capsicum frutescens, but decreased the reproductive growth. The mechanism of the effects on reproductive organ was studied through the analysis of assimilation and allocation.3.Mathematical model on drought injury The model was composed of the sub-models of evapo-transpiration, water uptake, changes of soil moisture and heat budget of leaf. The injury was assumed to be caused by leaf temperature and dehydration. On the assumption of the physiological parameters of Populus alba, heat injury was caused on the higher air temperature than 38ﾟC.If LAI of stand of Populus alba is 6 and available soil thickness is 50cm, drought damage was caused after 2 weeks of rainless period.4.Stress-monitoring The method of stress-monitoring of trees was studied for the use of the high-resolution satellite data. The treatment of water- and heat-stress shifted the red edge of Sp 15nm to the side of short wave region. The increase of stress index was correlated to the decrease of photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance.

1。对光合作用过程的影响，研究了对Stewartia Pseudocamellia（SP），Stewartia Monadelpha（SM），Cornus Florida（CF），Liriodendron Tulipifera（LT）和Quercus Serrata（QS）的影响。 40 c cf和LT的稳定性电导率降低了CF和LT的碳氧基化效率和光子的产量，在治疗后被抑制和回收。在QS上很少观察到该效果。由于热量和水应激的复杂作用，SM和CF的光合作用过程被抑制在更轻微的状态下。2。对高温40°C的生殖器官处理的影响不会影响辣椒辣椒的营养生长，但会降低生殖生长。通过分析同化和分配的分析，研究了对生殖器官的影响的机制。3。干旱损伤的数学模型该模型由蒸发，水吸收，土壤水分的变化和叶片的热预算组成。假定损伤是由叶片温度和脱水引起的。在假设Populus alba的物理参数的假设下，在空气温度更高的空气温度上造成了热损伤，而Populus Alba的林分的LAI则为6，可用的土壤厚度为50厘米，干旱损害是无雨的不雨期后造成的。水压力和热压力的处理将SP 15nm的红色边缘转移到了短波区域的一侧。应力指数的增加与光合速率和气孔电导率的降低相关。