Molecular mechanism of acclimation and tolerance to low temperature.

适应和耐受低温的分子机制。

基本信息

批准号：
08102011
负责人：
MURATA Norio
金额：
$ 106.88万
依托单位：
Okazaki National Research Institutes
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Specially Promoted Research
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1996 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-08102011/
关键词：
cold acclimation cold tolerance desaturase unsaturated lipid betaine cold signal cold sensor genomics ゲノミックス形質転換植物光合成

项目摘要

(1) The effect of unsaturated membrane lipids on tolerance to cold and freezing stress : Up to the last year we demonstrated that unsaturated membrane lipids protect the photosynthetic machinery of plants and cyanobacteria against the photoinhibition at low temperature by promoting the repair of photoinhibited photosystem II.In this year, we have elucidated that the unsaturated membrane lipids accelerate the translation of psbA gene for the precursor to D1 protein, and furthermore that they are also important in the tolerance of the photosynthetic machinery to salt stress.(2) Protection against cold and freezing stress by glycinebetaine : We previously demonstrated that the genetic manipulation to enable Arabidopsis to synthesize glycinebetaine enhances tolerance to various kinds of environmental stress at various stages of life cycle. In this year we have elucidated that the protective effect of glycinebetaine is based on the promotion of protein synthesis de novo by stabilizing the protein-synthesizing machinery.(3) New factors for cold acclimation : The global examination of cold-inducible expression of genes in Synechocystis with DNA microarrays has revealed that cold stress induces a number of genes, which encode factors in transcription and translation, subunit proteins of ribosomes, RNA helicases, and a number of proteins of unknown function. Functions of these proteins in cold acclimation are important subjects of future study.(4) Cold sensor and cold signal transduction pathway : Up to the last year, we identified two cold sensors and a cold-signal transducer. In this year, we have applied DNA microarrays to successfully classify cold-inducible genes into three groups according to the regulation of cold inducibility by the cold sensors. Group-1 genes are regulated by the first cold sensor, Group-2 genes are by the second sensor, and Group-3 genes are by both sensors.

（1）不饱和膜脂质对寒冷和冷冻压力的耐受性的影响：直到最后一年，我们证明，不饱和的膜脂质可以保护植物的光合作用机制和蓝细菌的光合作用机制，以防止在低温下通过促进光抑制光膜的维修，我们已经在低温下进行了抑制作用。 of psbA gene for the precursor to D1 protein, and furthermore that they are also important in the tolerance of the photosynthetic machinery to salt stress.(2) Protection against cold and freezing stress by glycinebetaine : We previously demonstrated that the genetic manipulation to enable Arabidopsis to synthesize glycinebetaine enhances tolerance to various kinds of environmental stress at various stages of life cycle. In this year we have elucidated that the protective effect of glycinebetaine is based on the promotion of protein synthesis de novo by stabilizing the protein-synthesizing machinery.(3) New factors for cold acclimation : The global examination of cold-inducible expression of genes in Synechocystis with DNA microarrays has revealed that cold stress induces a number of genes, which encode factors in transcription and翻译，核糖体的亚基蛋白，RNA解旋酶和许多功能的许多蛋白质。这些蛋白质在冷适应中的功能是未来研究的重要主题。（4）冷传感器和冷信号转导途径：直到去年，我们确定了两个冷传感器和一个冷标记传感器。在今年，根据冷传感器的调节，我们将DNA微阵列成功地将冷诱导基因分为三组。第1组基因受第一冷传感器的调节，第2组基因由第二个传感器调节，并且第3组基因均由两个传感器。