The role of interspecific interactions in morphological evolution and community organization in insects

种间相互作用在昆虫形态进化和群落组织中的作用

基本信息

批准号：
07640839
负责人：
SOTA Teiji
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Shinshu University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1995
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1995 至 1996
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-07640839/
关键词：
insect morphology interspecific copulation mating behavior hybridization carabid beetles genitalia geographic variation

项目摘要

After allopatric speciations, interspecific interactions through hybridization and resource competition during secondary contacts will affect their distribution ranges and evolution of traits which are related with reproductive isolation and niche segregation. Coexistence of multiple closely related species will be achieved through repeated allopatric speciation and secondary contacts. Communities of closely related species show several patterns in morphological differentiation which is possibly correlated with prezygotic reproductive isolation and/or resource partitioning. We analyzed two cases of hybridizations between closely related carabid beetles of the subgenus Ohomopterus (genus Carabus). First, between Carabus maiyasanus and C.iwawakianus, parapatric distribution has been maintained with an intervening narrow hybrid zone. We found that males cannot discriminate heterospecific females before copulation, and interspecific copulation often resulted in death of females and breaks … More of male genitalia because of the great difference in genitalic morphologies. F1 hybrids emerged showed intermediate genitalic morphologies between parental species. Second, a supposed hybrid population (C.insulicola pseudinsulicola) was studied, with probable parent populations of C.insulicola insulicola and C.arrowianus nakamurai. Again, the parent species could not discriminate heterospecifics before copulation. F1 hybrids were raised to adults which showed a morphology similar to the supposed hybrid species. Further rearing should confirm F1 beetles are fertile and can maintain a hybrid lineage. A preliminary analysis of mtDNA gene sequences indicated gene flows among the above populations. These results suggested that the evolutionary process leading to sympatric, well-segregated species involves different qualities of secondary contacts, such that initial divergence of two species in morphologies which are related with prezygotic reproductive isolation is sufficiently large enough to prevent their sexual competition and formation of fertile hybrids. Less

在同种规格之后，通过杂交和二次接触期间的杂交和资源竞争的种间相互作用将影响其分布范围以及与生殖分离和利基隔离相关的性状的演变。通过反复的同种异体规格和次要接触，将实现多个密切相关的物种的共存。密切相关物种的社区在形态学分化中显示了几种模式，这可能与同进的生殖隔离和/或资源分配有关。我们分析了Ohomopterus亚属密切相关的甲虫（Carabus属）密切相关的甲虫之间的两个杂交病例。首先，在Carabus Maiyasanus和C.iwawakianus之间，属于狭窄的杂种区域已经保持了分配。我们发现，男性在交配前不能区分杂种女性，种间间的交配通常会导致女性和断裂的死亡……更多的男性生殖器，因为生殖器形态的差异很大。出现的F1杂种显示了亲本物种之间的中间生殖形态。其次，研究了一个假定的杂种种群（C. insulicola pseudinsulicola），并进行了c. insulicola Insulicola和C.arrowianus nakamurai的父母有问题的人群。同样，父物种在交配之前无法区分异种。 F1杂种饲养到成年人，显示出类似于预期的杂种物种的形态。进一步的饲养应确认F1甲虫是肥沃的，并且可以保持混合谱系。 MTDNA基因序列的初步分析表明上述种群中的基因流。这些结果表明，导致同志，良好地分离的物种的进化过程涉及次要接触的不同质量，因此，两个物种在形态学中的初始差异与同致性生殖隔离相关的形态学足够大，足以防止其性竞争和肥沃杂种的性竞争和形成。较少的